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  1. Treatment of chronic total occlusion (CTO) by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with the difficulty of guidewire manipulation through the occluded segment, particularly when there is hard ...

    Authors: Eugenio La Scala, Jean-Pascal Peyre and Eric Maupas
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:560
  2. Displaced olecranon fractures with a stable elbow joint are classified as Mayo type 2a or 2b and are commonly operated with tension band wiring, i.e. two K-wires and a cerclage. Retrospective studies have repo...

    Authors: Gustav Cornefjord, Ioannis Kostogiannis, Cecilia Rogmark, Daniel Jerrhag and Daniel Wenger
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:559
  3. Mental well-being is poor in long-term care facilities (LTCF) residents. Physical disabilities, impaired social engagement, and environmental stress are also common in LTCF which exacerbate the decline of the ...

    Authors: Rick Yiu Cho Kwan, Fowie Ng, Linda Chiu Wa Lam, Rebecca Choy Yung, Olive Shuk Kan Sin and Sally Chan
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:558
  4. Arts therapies are widely but inconsistently provided in community mental health. Whilst they are appealing to patients, evidence for their effectiveness is mixed. Trials to date have been limited to one art-f...

    Authors: Catherine E. Carr, Emma Medlicott, Richard Hooper, Yan Feng, Borislava Mihaylova and Stefan Priebe
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:557
  5. In a non-inferiority trial, the choice of margin depends on the expected control event risk. If the true risk differs from expected, power and interpretability of results can be affected. A non-inferiority fro...

    Authors: Matteo Quartagno, Man Chan, Anna Turkova, Deborah Ford and Ian R. White
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:556
  6. The lack of trained mental health professionals is a key barrier to scale-up of evidence-based psychological interventions in low and middle-income countries. We have developed an app that allows a peer with n...

    Authors: Atif Rahman, Abid Malik, Najia Atif, Huma Nazir, Ahmed Zaidi, Anum Nisar, Ahmed Waqas, Maria Sharif, Tao Chen, Duolao Wang and Siham Sikander
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:555
  7. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by esophagectomy is the standard of care for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, approximately 30% of patients still develop distant meta...

    Authors: Maohui Chen, Yizhou Huang, Shuliang Zhang, Taidui Zeng, Guanglei Huang, Chun Chen and Bin Zheng
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:554
  8. Patients’ expectations toward any given treatment are highly important for the effectiveness of such treatment, as has been demonstrated for several disorders. In particular, in major depressive disorder (MDD)...

    Authors: Katharina M. Steiner, Dagmar Timmann, Ulrike Bingel, Angelika Kunkel, Tamas Spisak, Manfred Schedlowski, Sven Benson, Harald Engler, Norbert Scherbaum and Katja Koelkebeck
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:553
  9. The mortality rate of hospitalized patients with severe hospital-acquired pneumonia (SHAP) remains high. Empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic coverage and the misuse of high-grade antibiotics could lead to the ...

    Authors: Xiuli Wang, Kaifei Wang, Fei Xie, Zhihai Han, Yuhong Liu, Lei Pan, Guangfa Zhu, Zhixin Cao, Peng Yan, Li Xiao, Zhimei Duan, Ye Hu, Kun Xiao, Xuxin Chen, Han Fu, Yinghan Shi…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:552
  10. Smoke-free housing policies in multiunit housing are increasingly widespread interventions to reduce smoking and secondhand smoke exposure. Little research has identified factors that impede compliance with sm...

    Authors: Diana Hernandez, Farzana Khan, David Albert, Daniel Giovenco, Charles Branas, Linda Valeri and Ana Navas-Acien
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:551
  11. Managing the multimorbidity of diabetes and depression remains a clinical challenge for patients and healthcare professionals due to the fragmented healthcare delivery system. To effectively cope with multimor...

    Authors: Yanshang Wang, Dan Guo, Ming Wang, Mingzheng Hu, Dawei Zhu, Qianqian Yu, Zhansheng Li, Xiaoyi Zhang, Ruoxi Ding, Miaomiao Zhao and Ping He
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:550
  12. Lymphedema is a common complication following breast cancer treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a self-adjusting compression garment (ReadyWrap®) in reducing (phase 1) and main...

    Authors: Jéssica Malena Pedro da Silva, Raul Denner Duarte Araújo, Francisca Cristina da Silva Santos, Erica Alves Nogueira Fabro, Marcus Vinicius de Mello Pinto, Suzana Sales de Aguiar, Luiz Claudio Santos Thuler and Anke Bergmann
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:549
  13. Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is the commonest endocrine cause of short stature and may occur in isolation (I-GHD) or combined with other pituitary hormone deficiencies. Around 500 children are diagnosed wi...

    Authors: Elizabeth Brettell, Wolfgang Högler, Rebecca Woolley, Carole Cummins, Jonathan Mathers, Raymond Oppong, Laura Roy, Adam Khan, Charmaine Hunt and Mehul Dattani
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:548
  14. Despite the robust body of evidence for the benefits of home-based physical exercise, there is still a paucity of data on the benefits of home-based cognitive training for older adults, especially in those at ...

    Authors: Franciele Costa Berní, Ana Carolina Kanitz, Camila Miranda, Dener Budziarek de Oliveira, Marco Bergamin, Valentina Bullo, Gustavo Zaccaria Schaun and Cristine Lima Alberton
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:547
  15. Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is traumatic, difficult to perform, and has a high incidence of postoperative complications and perioperative mortality. Postoperative complications and pain occur frequently and ser...

    Authors: Kaili Yu, Zhenguo Song, Bowen Zhang, Qian Pan, Shan Gan, Shaoyong Yang, Quanyong Yang, Xinhua Zuo and Yiqing Yin
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:546
  16. Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is the standard of care for small, localized kidney tumors. This surgery is conducted within a short hospital stay and can even be performed as outpatient surgery in s...

    Authors: Gaelle Margue, Pierre Bigot, Alexandre Ingels, Morgan Roupret, Thibaut Waeckel, Jean-Alexandre Long, Géraldine Pignot, Karim Bensalah, Hervé Lang, Jonathan Olivier, Franck Bruyere, Matthieu Durand, Jean-Baptiste Beauval, Richard Mallet, Bastien Parier, Alexandre De La Taille…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:545
  17. Childhood malnutrition is a crucial public health issue in developing countries. Mothers’ nutritional knowledge significantly affects children’s nutritional status. It also appears that mothers with low health...

    Authors: Ali Hojati, Sogol Alesaeidi, Saeideh Izadi, Alireza Nikniaz and Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:544
  18. Cervical cancer is and will remain to be an important health problem in China, especially with an increasing proportion of younger patients who has more specific needs. In China, surgery to remove tumor burden...

    Authors: Xin Wu, Hailin Yu, Yongrui Bai, Yanli Hou, Weihua Lou, Xipeng Wang, Tao Zhu, Yuyang Zhang, Weiguo Hu, Xiaohong Xue, Zhiling Zhu, Libing Xiang, Jiarui Li, Xuhong Fang, Shujun Gao, Hua Feng…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:542
  19. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy. Radical surgical resection offers the only potential cure. There is increasing agreement that radical antegrade modular pancreatosplen...

    Authors: Jialin Li, Si Shi, Jiang Liu, Chen Liang, Jie Hua, Qingcai Meng, Hang Xu, Miaoyan Wei, Bo Zhang, Jin Xu, Wei Wang and Xianjun Yu
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:541
  20. Placebo effects are a well-established phenomenon in the treatment of depression. However, the mechanism underlying these effects are not fully understood. Treatment expectations are considered one explanation...

    Authors: Liv Henrich, Marcel Wilhelm, Philipp Lange and Winfried Rief
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:540
  21. Physical activity is an effective management strategy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, but patients’ compliance is challenging. Walking is a suitable form of physical activity due to its conve...

    Authors: Tomas Vetrovsky, Michal Siranec, Tereza Frybova, Iulian Gant, Miroslav Semerad, Marie Miklikova, Vaclav Bunc, Jiri Vesely, Jiri Stastny, Martin Griva, Jan Precek, Radek Pelouch, Jiri Parenica, Jiri Jarkovsky and Jan Belohlavek
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:539
  22. Despite substantial illness burden and healthcare utilization conferred by pain from vaso-occlusive episodes (VOE) in children with sickle cell disease (SCD), disease-modifying therapies to effectively treat S...

    Authors: Chris A. Rees, David C. Brousseau, Daniel M. Cohen, Anthony Villella, Carlton Dampier, Kathleen Brown, Andrew Campbell, Corrie E. Chumpitazi, Gladstone Airewele, Todd Chang, Christopher Denton, Angela Ellison, Alexis Thompson, Fahd Ahmad, Nitya Bakshi, Keli D. Coleman…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:538
  23. There is a consistent demand for implementation science to inform global efforts to close the gap between evidence and practice. Key evaluation questions for any given implementation strategy concern the asses...

    Authors: Robbie Foy, Noah M. Ivers, Jeremy M. Grimshaw and Paul M. Wilson
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:537
  24. Mechanical ventilation (MV) is essential in the management of critically ill neonates, especially preterm infants. However, inappropriate or prolonged use of invasive MV may result in ventilator-associated lun...

    Authors: Jun Tang, Lingyue Gong, Tao Xiong, Chao Chen, Ke Tian, Aoyu Wang, Yi Huang, Wenli Liu, Rong Zhou, Jun Zhu and Dezhi Mu
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:536
  25. People living with HIV (PLHIV) have to take lifelong antiretroviral treatment, which is often challenging. Young people living with HIV (YPLHIV) have the lowest viral load suppression rates in Malawi and globa...

    Authors: Takondwa Charles Msosa, Iraseni Swai, Marion Sumari-de Boer, Kennedy Ngowi, Tobias F. Rinke de Wit, Rob Aarnoutse and Marriott Nliwasa
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:535
  26. Critically ill patients with cirrhosis and ascites are at high risk for intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) which increases mortality. Clinical guidelines recommend maintaining intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) be...

    Authors: Rui Antunes Pereira, Daniel Virella, Rui Perdigoto, Paulo Marcelino, Faouzi Saliba and Nuno Germano
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:534
  27. Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of rehabilitation after a cardiovascular procedure. Especially older and multimorbid patients benefit from rehabilitation after a cardiac procedure. Prehabilitat...

    Authors: Carolin Steinmetz, Stephanie Heinemann, Ingo Kutschka, Gerd Hasenfuß, Thomas Asendorf, Bjoern Andrew Remppis, Ernst Knoglinger, Clemens Grefe, Johannes Maximilian Albes, Hassina Baraki, Christian Baumbach, Susanne Brunner, Susann Ernst, Wolfgang Harringer, Dirk Heider, Daniela Heidkamp…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:533
  28. Evidence has shown that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease present significant deficits in the control of postural balance when compared to healthy subjects. In view of this, it is pertinent t...

    Authors: Tamires Daros dos Santos, Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto, Dannuey Machado Cardoso, Ivana Beatrice Mânica Da Cruz, Rafael Noal Moresco, Aron Ferreira da Silveira and Isabella Martins de Albuquerque
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:532
  29. Evidence suggests that movement patterns, including physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep duration, throughout a 24-h period, have a significant impact on biological processes and health outcomes fo...

    Authors: Alicia M. Alonso-Martínez, Gaizka Legarra-Gorgoñon, Yesenia García-Alonso, Robinson Ramírez-Vélez, Loreto Alonso-Martínez, Blanca Erice-Echegaray and Mikel Izquierdo
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:531
  30. Authors: Pierre Pradat, Solene Pantel, Marianne Maynard, Laure Lalande, Sylvie Thevenon, Rene Adam, Marc-Antoine Allard, Fabien Robin, Michel Rayar, Emmanuel Boleslawski, Olivier Scatton, Mircea Chirica, François Faitot, Philippe Bachellier, Olivier Soubrane, Kayvan Mohkam…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:530

    The original article was published in Trials 2023 24:379

  31. Authors: Laurel D. Sarfan, Emma R. Agnew, Marlen Diaz, Lu Dong, Krista Fisher, Julia M. Spencer, Shayna A. Howlett, Rafael Esteva Hache, Catherine A. Callaway, Amy M. Kilbourne, Daniel J. Buysse and Allison G. Harvey
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:529

    The original article was published in Trials 2023 24:198

  32. Incisional hernia is a common complication after kidney transplantation with an incidence of 1.6–18%. Concerning non-transplant patients, a recently published meta-analysis describes a reduction of the inciden...

    Authors: Victoria Gómez-Dos-Santos, José Antonio López-Plaza, José Manuel Molina-Villar, Luis Blázquez-Hernando, Víctor Diez-Nicolás, Miguel Jiménez-Cidre, Belén Porrero-Guerrero, Rafael Rodríguez-Patrón, Fernando Arias-Fúnez, Alfonso Muriel-García, José María Fernández-Cebrián and Francisco Javier Burgos-Revilla
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:528
  33. In the last decades, noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been increasingly used to support patients with hypercapnic and hypoxemic acute respiratory failure. Pressure ulcers are a frequently observed NIV-related...

    Authors: Rosanna Vaschetto, Cesare Gregoretti, Lorenza Scotti, Nello De Vita, Annalisa Carlucci, Andrea Cortegiani, Claudia Crimi, Alessio Mattei, Raffaele Scala, Eduardo Rocca, Federico Longhini, Gianmaria Cammarota, Giovanni Misseri, Alberto Dal Molin, Sabino Scolletta, Stefano Nava…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:527
  34. Providing care in Kenya to all youth in need is difficult because of a shortage of professional providers and societal stigma. Previous trials of the Anansi model, which involves delivering low-touch mental he...

    Authors: Brenda Ochuku, Tom L. Osborn, Daisy Nerima, Afra van der Markt, Thomas Rusch, Herman Omune, Solace Akello, David M. Ndetei and Katherine E. Venturo-Conerly
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:526
  35. In their recent paper, Al and colleagues (Trials 2023;24:233) argue that manipulation of the methods of recruitment using well-known techniques in order to increase enrollment can be ethically acceptable. This...

    Authors: Jon F. Merz
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:525

    The original article was published in Trials 2023 24:233

  36. The clinical burden of Long COVID, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), and other post-infectious fatiguing illnesses (PIFI) is increasing. There is a critical need to advance understan...

    Authors: Job G. Godino, Jane C. Samaniego, Sydney P. Sharp, Douglas Taren, Alexandra Zuber, Amy J. Armistad, Amanda M. Dezan, Azure J. Leyba, Janna L. Friedly, Aaron E. Bunnell, Eva Matthews, Maureen J. Miller, Elizabeth R. Unger, Jeanne Bertolli, Alison Hinckley, Jin-Mann S. Lin…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:524
  37. In the USA, the primary cause of death and morbidity continues to be cardiovascular disease (CVD). Numerous trials have shown that statin medication reduces the likelihood of CVD events; it is a cornerstone of...

    Authors: Mark J. Butler, Anne-Marie N. Romain, Rumisha Augustin, Patrick Robles, Ciaran P. Friel, Thevaa Chandereng, Jerry M. Suls, Elizabeth A. Vrany, Frank Vicari, Ying Kuen Cheung and Karina W. Davidson
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:523
  38. In-centre nocturnal haemodialysis (INHD) offers extended-hours haemodialysis, 6 to 8 h thrice-weekly overnight, with the support of dialysis specialist nurses. There is increasing observational data demonstrat...

    Authors: Katherine L. Hull, Kate Bramham, Cassandra L. Brookes, Victoria Cluley, Carmel Conefrey, Nicola J. Cooper, Helen Eborall, James Fotheringham, Matthew P. M. Graham-Brown, Laura J. Gray, Patrick B. Mark, Sandip Mitra, Gavin J. Murphy, Niamh Quann, Leila Rooshenas, Madeleine Warren…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:522
  39. Due to several treatment barriers, many individuals with panic disorder do not receive evidence-based treatment. One promising option to narrow this treatment gap is Internet-based psychotherapy, which has bee...

    Authors: Josephine Schultz, Anna Baumeister, Stella Schmotz, Steffen Moritz and Lena Jelinek
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:521
  40. Timely detection and management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have been identified as a high priority for policymakers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The GUIDES trial will evaluate a pac...

    Authors: Nick Birk, Laura L. Oakley, Poppy A. C. Mallinson, Deepa R, Giridhara R. Babu, Moffat Nyirenda and Sanjay Kinra
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:520
  41. Exercise training is a major factor in controlling type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children. The present study aimed to assess the effect of concurrent resistance-aerobic training on selected inflammatory f...

    Authors: Marzieh Nazari, Ramin Shabani, Afagh Hassanzadeh-Rad, Mohammad Ali Esfandiari and Setila Dalili
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:519
  42. Children under 6 years who need magnetic resonance imaging usually require sedation to obtain best quality images, but the optimal sedation protocol remains to be determined. In 2018, we showed a 22% interrupt...

    Authors: Olivia Nzungu Wabelo, Denis Schmartz, Mario Giancursio, Françoise De Pooter, Giulia Caruso, Jean-François Fils and Philippe Van der Linden
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:518
  43. Cognitive flexibility refers to the capacity to shift between conceptual representations particularly in response to changes in instruction and feedback. It enables individuals to swiftly adapt to changes in t...

    Authors: Chia-Lun Liu, Xiaoqin Cheng, Boon Linn Choo, Min Hong, Jia Li Teo, Wei Ler Koo, Jia Yuan Janet Tan, Marisha Barth Ubrani, John Suckling, Balázs Gulyás, Victoria Leong, Zoe Kourtzi, Barbara Sahakian, Trevor Robbins and Annabel Shen-Hsing Chen
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:517
  44. Patients with cirrhosis often undergo invasive procedures both for management of complications of their advanced liver disease, including treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as underlying comorbidi...

    Authors: Natasha Janko, Ammar Majeed, William Kemp, Chris Hogan, Harshal Nandurkar and Stuart K. Roberts
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:516
  45. Severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) is associated with high mortality. Numerous studies and meta-analysis have reported that corticosteroids reduce the 28-day mortality in SAH, but not the 6-month mortality. Ther...

    Authors: S. S. Sidhu, A Dusseja, Shalimar, S Nijhawan, D Kapoor, O Goyal and H Kishore
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:515
  46. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent (8–15%), severely disabling disorder and is associated with enormous socioeconomic impact. Antidepressant medication for the treatment of MDD has proven ef...

    Authors: Irina Falkenberg, Florian Bitsch, Wei Liu, Alexandros Matsingos, Laila Noor, Christoph Vogelbacher, Cüneyt Yildiz and Tilo Kircher
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:514
  47. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a non-communicable disease representing one of the most serious public health challenges of the twenty-first century. Its incidence continues to rise in both developed and de...

    Authors: Alexia Giovanazzi, Lorenzo Gios, Marina Mastellaro, Maria Adalgisa Gentilini, Francesca Valent, Sara Condini, Giorgia Bincoletto, Alessandro Bacchiega, Andrea Zorzi, Giulia Malfatti, Francesca Perini, Claudio Eccher, Michele Marchesoni, Marlene Dall’Alda, Massimo Orrasch, Diego Conforti…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:513
  48. Vasovagal reactions (VVRs) are the most common acute complications of blood donation. Responsible for substantial morbidity, they also reduce the likelihood of repeated donations and are disruptive and costly ...

    Authors: Amy McMahon, Stephen Kaptoge, Matthew Walker, Susan Mehenny, Philippe T Gilchrist, Jennifer Sambrook, Naim Akhtar, Michael Sweeting, Angela M Wood, Kathleen Stirrups, Ryan Chung, Sarah Fahle, Elisha Johnson, Donna Cullen, Rosemary Godfrey, Shannon Duthie…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:512
  49. There is growing interest in using personalized mental health care to treat disorders like depression and anxiety to improve treatment engagement and efficacy. This randomized controlled trial will compare a t...

    Authors: Alainna Wen, Kate Wolitzky-Taylor, Robert D. Gibbons and Michelle Craske
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:508

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