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  1. Content type: Study protocol

    People with allergic rhinitis (AR) often seek help from Chinese medicine due to dissatisfaction with conventional treatments. Lung-spleen qi deficiency syndrome (LSQDS) is the most common type of AR, and the Chin...

    Authors: Qiulan Luo, Shiqing Zhou, Xiaoshan Li, Qubo Chen, Wenmin Lin, Liming Lu, Hua Li, Caifeng Chen, Wenyong Chen and Yunying Li

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:66

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  2. Content type: Study protocol

    At birth, the majority of neonates born at <30 weeks of gestation require respiratory support to facilitate transition and ensure adequate gas exchange. Although the optimal approach to the initial respiratory...

    Authors: Carl H. Backes, Jennifer L. Notestine, Jane M. Lamp, Jeanne C. Balough, Allison M. Notestine, Crystal M. Alfred, Juli M. Kern, Michael R. Stenger, Brian K. Rivera, Mohannad Moallem, Randy R. Miller, Apurwa Naik, Jennifer N. Cooper, Christopher R. Howard, Stephen E. Welty, Noah H. Hillman…

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:63

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  3. Content type: Study protocol

    Schools are an ideal setting in which to promote health. However, empirical data on the effectiveness of school-based mental health promotion programs are rare, and research on universal Internet-based prevent...

    Authors: Heike Eschenbeck, Laya Lehner, Hanna Hofmann, Stephanie Bauer, Katja Becker, Silke Diestelkamp, Michael Kaess, Markus Moessner, Christine Rummel-Kluge and Hans-Joachim Salize

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:64

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  4. Content type: Study protocol

    Variations in care models contribute to cancer pain being under-recognised and under-treated in half of all patients with cancer. International and national cancer pain management guidelines are achievable wit...

    Authors: Jane L. Phillips, Nicole Heneka, Melanie Lovell, Lawrence Lam, Patricia Davidson, Frances Boyle, Nikki McCaffrey, Sally Fielding and Tim Shaw

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:62

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  5. Content type: Study protocol

    Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and feeding intolerance are common conditions in preterm infants and among the major causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity.

    Authors: Francesco Cresi, Elena Maggiora, Silvia Maria Borgione, Elena Spada, Alessandra Coscia, Enrico Bertino, Fabio Meneghin, Luigi Tommaso Corvaglia, Maria Luisa Ventura and Gianluca Lista

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:67

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  7. Content type: Study protocol

    Postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) has a considerable impact on quality of life. Our previous pilot trial suggested that acupuncture might be a potential treatment option for PDS. We will conduct this large ...

    Authors: Ya-Quan Hou, Xin Zhang, Jian-Feng Tu, Yang Zheng, Jing-Wen Yang, Mirim Kim, Hui Hu, Li-Qiong Wang, Jing-Jie Zhao, Wei Zhou, Jun Wang, Xuan Zou, Yu Wang, Guang-Xia Shi and Cun-Zhi Liu

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:65

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  8. Content type: Study protocol

    Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a life-saving technology that restores or assists breathing. Like any treatment, MV has side effects. In some patients it can cause diaphragmatic atrophy, injury, and dysfunction...

    Authors: Douglas Evans, Deborah Shure, Linda Clark, Gerard J. Criner, Martin Dres, Marcelo Gama de Abreu, Franco Laghi, David McDonagh, Basil Petrof, Teresa Nelson and Thomas Similowski

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:60

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  9. Content type: Study protocol

    Chronic neck pain (CNP) is a common and disabling musculoskeletal disorder in developing and developed countries. Previous studies have shown that tuina and traditional Chinese massage are effective treatments fo...

    Authors: Zhiwei Wu, Lingjun Kong, Qingguang Zhu, Pengfei Song, Min Fang, Wuquan Sun, Hao Zhang, Yanbin Cheng, Shanda Xu, Guangxin Guo, Xin Zhou and Zhizhen Lv

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:59

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  10. Content type: Study protocol

    Currently available prophylactic migraine treatment options are limited and are associated with many, often intolerable, side-effects. Various lines of research suggest that abnormalities in energy metabolism ...

    Authors: Elena Gross, Niveditha Putananickal, Anna-Lena Orsini, Simone Schmidt, Deborah R. Vogt, Sven Cichon, Peter Sandor and Dirk Fischer

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:61

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  11. Content type: Study protocol

    Treatment success rates of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remain unsatisfactory, and long-term use of second-line anti-TB drugs is accompanied by the frequent occurrence of adverse events, low treat...

    Authors: Myungsun Lee, Jeongha Mok, Deog Kyeom Kim, Tae Sun Shim, Won-Jung Koh, Doosoo Jeon, Taehoon Lee, Seung Heon Lee, Ju Sang Kim, Jae Seuk Park, Ji Yeon Lee, Song Yee Kim, Jae Ho Lee, Kyung-Wook Jo, Byung Woo Jhun, Young Ae Kang…

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:57

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  12. Content type: Study protocol

    Sciatica is a relatively frequent illness that easily becomes a chronic and relapsing condition. Although numerous systematic reviews have analyzed various therapies for sciatica, the validity of their include...

    Authors: Koh-Woon Kim, Kyungmo Park, Hi-Joon Park, Geon-Ho Jahng, Dae-Jean Jo, Jae-Heung Cho, Eun-Mo Song, Woo-Chul Shin, Ye-Ji Yoon, Soo-Jeon Kim, Seulgi Eun and Mi-Yeon Song

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:56

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  13. Content type: Study protocol

    Celecoxib is frequently prescribed to treat knee osteoarthritis (KOA), but how celecoxib influences the activity of the central nervous system to alleviate chronic pain remains unclear.

    Authors: Chenjian Tang, Xiaohui Dong, Wenhua He, Shirui Cheng, Yang Chen, Yong Huang, Bao Yin, Yu Sheng, Jun Zhou, Xiaoli Wu, Fang Zeng, Zhengjie Li and Fanrong Liang

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:58

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  14. Content type: Study protocol

    Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common surgical operations globally; more than 20 million groin herniae are repaired annually worldwide. Recurrence after an inguinal hernia operation is a considerabl...

    Authors: C. S. Seefeldt, J. S. Meyer, J. Knievel, A. Rieger, R. Geißen, R. Lefering and M. M. Heiss

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:55

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  15. Content type: Study protocol

    Gabapentin has shown efficacy in the treatment of chronic neuropathic or mixed pain in adults. Although pediatric pain specialists have extensive experience with gabapentin for the treatment of neuropathic pai...

    Authors: Thomas G. de Leeuw, Laura Mangiarini, Rebecca Lundin, Florentia Kaguelidou, Tjitske van der Zanden, Oscar Della Pasqua, Dick Tibboel, Adriana Ceci and Saskia N. de Wildt

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:49

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  16. Content type: Study protocol

    Depression is a serious mental health problem and is common in children and adolescents. Online interventions are promising in overcoming the widespread undertreatment of depression and in improving the help-s...

    Authors: Sabrina Baldofski, Elisabeth Kohls, Stephanie Bauer, Katja Becker, Sally Bilic, Heike Eschenbeck, Michael Kaess, Markus Moessner, Hans Joachim Salize, Silke Diestelkamp, Elke Voß and Christine Rummel-Kluge

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:53

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  17. Content type: Research

    The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of two forms of secondary preventive follow-up on the association between education level and levels of blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cho...

    Authors: Anna-Lotta Irewall, Joachim Ögren, Lisa Bergström, Katarina Laurell, Lars Söderström and Thomas Mooe

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:52

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  18. Content type: Study protocol

    Women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with poor ovarian respond (POR) always have very low clinical pregnancy rates. In previous data, dehydroepiandrosterone ...

    Authors: Wei Wang, Hong Liu, Jing Li, Daimin Wei, Jiangtao Zhang, Jianfeng Wang, Jinlong Ma, Yuhua Shi and Zi-Jiang Chen

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:50

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  19. Content type: Study protocol

    A fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) is commonly used to identify the proper placement of a double-lumen endotracheal tube (DLT) for good lung isolation during thoracic surgery. We hypothesized that the FOB-guided ...

    Authors: Taeha Ryu, Eugene Kim, Jong Hae Kim, Seong Jun Woo, Woon Seok Roh and Sung Hye Byun

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:51

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  20. Content type: Update

    Social isolation potentiates the risk of death by cancer in the older cancer patient population. The PREDOMOS study investigates the impact of establishing a Program of Social intervention associated with tech...

    Authors: Anne-Laure Couderc, Emilie Nouguerède, Karine Baumstarck, Sandrine Loubière, Hervé Le Caer, Olivier Guillem, Frédérique Rousseau, Laurent Greillier, Emmanuelle Norguet-Monnereau, Maud Cecile, Rabia Boulahssass, Françoise Le Caer, Sandrine Tournier, Chantal Butaud, Pierre Guillet, Sophie Nahon…

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:54

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    The Study protocol to this article has been published in Trials 2017 18:174

  21. Content type: Study protocol

    Axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) is a chronic disease which results in fatigue, pain, and reduced quality of life (QoL). Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), especially acupuncture, has shown promise in managing...

    Authors: Yu Heng Kwan, Warren Fong, Xiang Ling Ang, Chuen Seng Tan, Bee Choo Tai, Youyi Huang, Marcel Bilger, Jie Kie Phang, Hui Chin Tan, Jia Ven Lee, Limin Sun, Choy Tip Tan, Bao Qiang Dong, Hwee Ling Koh, Ying Ying Leung, Nai Lee Lui…

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:46

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  22. Content type: Study protocol

    There is an increased risk of premature death in people with severe mental illness (SMI). Respiratory disorders and cardiovascular disease are leading causes of increased mortality rates in these patients, and...

    Authors: María José Jaén-Moreno, Nuria Feu, Justa Redondo-Écija, Francisco Javier Montiel, Cristina Gómez, Gloria I. del Pozo, Jose Ángel Alcalá, Luis Gutiérrez-Rojas, Vicente Balanzá-Martinez, Geli Marie Chauca, Laura Carrión, Maria Isabel Osuna, María Dolores Sánchez, Inmaculada Caro, Miriam Ayora, Francisca Valdivia…

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:47

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  23. Content type: Study protocol

    Recent clinical observations have reported the potential benefit of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) as an adjunctive therapy for pediatric epilepsy. Preliminary evidence suggests that VNS treatment is effective ...

    Authors: Taoyun Ji, Zhao Yang, Qingzhu Liu, Jianxiang Liao, Fei Yin, Yanhui Chen, Liping Zou, Baomin Li, Yuxing Gao, Xiaomei Shu, Shaoping Huang, Feng Gao, Jianmin Liang, Su Fang Lin, Jing Peng, Shiwei Song…

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:44

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  24. Content type: Research

    A system of dementia-specific case conferences (WELCOME-IdA) was evaluated using a stepped-wedge design in six nursing homes (NHs) to enable nursing staff to analyse properly the behavioural and psychological ...

    Authors: Daniela Holle, Rene Müller-Widmer, Sven Reuther, Ute Rosier-Segschneider, Rabea Graf, Martina Roes and Margareta Halek

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:45

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  25. Content type: Correction

    Following publication of the original article [1], we have been notified that one of the author names was listed incorrectly. Both incorrect and correct author names are presented below. The original publicati...

    Authors: David S. Lawrence, Nabila Youssouf, Síle F. Molloy, Alexandre Alanio, Melanie Alufandika, David R. Boulware, Timothée Boyer-Chammard, Tao Chen, Francoise Dromer, Admire Hlupeni, William Hope, Mina C. Hosseinipour, Cecilia Kanyama, Oliver Lortholary, Angela Loyse, David B. Meya…

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:48

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    The original article was published in Trials 2018 19:649

  26. Content type: Study protocol

    Late antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) triggered by donor-specific antibodies (DSA) is a cardinal cause of kidney allograft dysfunction and loss. Diagnostic criteria for this rejection type are well establish...

    Authors: Farsad Eskandary, Michael Dürr, Klemens Budde, Konstantin Doberer, Roman Reindl-Schwaighofer, Johannes Waiser, Markus Wahrmann, Heinz Regele, Andreas Spittler, Nils Lachmann, Christa Firbas, Jakob Mühlbacher, Gregor Bond, Philipp F. Halloran, Edward Chong, Bernd Jilma…

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:37

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  27. Content type: Study protocol

    Up to 75% of inpatients with mental disorders smoke, and their life expectancy is decreased by up to 25 years compared to the general population. Hospitalized patients without monitoring after discharge quickl...

    Authors: Montse Ballbè, Cristina Martínez, Ariadna Feliu, Núria Torres, Gemma Nieva, Cristina Pinet, Antònia Raich, Sílvia Mondon, Pablo Barrio, Rosa Hernández-Ribas, Jordi Vicens, Sílvia Costa, Jordi Vilaplana, Laura Alaustre, Eva Vilalta, Roser Blanch…

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:38

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  28. Content type: Study protocol

    Cardiac surgical procedures are associated with postoperative neurological complications such as cognitive decline and delirium, which can complicate recovery and impair quality of life. Perioperative depressi...

    Authors: Senthil Packiasabapathy, Ammu T. Susheela, Ariel Mueller, Melissa Patxot, Doris-Vanessa Gasangwa, Brian O’Gara, Shahzad Shaefi, Edward R. Marcantonio, Gloria Y. Yeh and Balachundhar Subramaniam

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:39

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  29. Content type: Update

    The objective of the Dutch Sildenafil therapy in dismal prognosis early onset fetal growth restriction (STRIDER) randomised clinical trial is to assess the beneficial and harmful effects of sildenafil versus p...

    Authors: Anouk Pels, Janus C. Jakobsen, Wessel Ganzevoort, Christiana A. Naaktgeboren, Wes Onland, Aleid G. van Wassenaer-Leemhuis and Christian Gluud

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:42

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  30. Content type: Study protocol

    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) not only affects pulmonary function but also leads to skeletal muscle dysfunction. The various characteristics of different forms of traditional Chinese exercise le...

    Authors: Xiaodan Liu, Peijun Li, Lu Xiao, Yufan Lu, Ning Li, Zhengrong Wang, Hongxia Duan, Jian Li and Weibing Wu

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:41

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  31. Content type: Study protocol

    Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS), which is also known as acupuncture-like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), has been widely used in acute or chronic pain. However, previo...

    Authors: Yi Liang, Guanai Bao, Liyan Gong, Jie Zhou, Xiangming Kong, Ran Ran, Xiaomei Shao, Yongliang Jiang, Weiping Zhang, Boyi Liu, Junying Du, Junfan Fang, Na Nie, Conghua Ji and Jianqiao Fang

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:40

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  33. Content type: Study protocol

    Physical rehabilitation is required to enhance functional outcomes and overall recovery following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, there are no universally accepted clinical guidelines available to cons...

    Authors: Matthew G. Liptak, Annika Theodoulou, Billingsley Kaambwa, Steve Saunders, Scott W. Hinrichs, Richard J. Woodman and Jeganath Krishnan

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:36

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  34. Content type: Study protocol

    Patients suffering from chronic, subjective tinnitus are on a quest to find a cure or any form of alleviation for their persistent complaint. Current recommended therapy forms provide psychotherapeutic interve...

    Authors: Tine Luyten, Paul Van de Heyning, Laure Jacquemin, Nancy Van Looveren, Frank Declau, Erik Fransen and Annick Gilles

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:32

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  35. Content type: Study protocol

    Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric disorder. With systematic antidepressant treatment, 50–75% of patients have a treatment response but require 4–6 weeks to have their symptoms alleviated....

    Authors: Yiyi Chen, Xiaomin Cao, Wensi Zang, Shanyong Tan, Chun-quan Ou, Xiaoyan Shen, Tianming Gao and Lianxu Zhao

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:34

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  36. Content type: Study protocol

    Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and disabling disorder that can lead to heavy individual, familial, and societal burdens. Although pharmaceutical interventions still play an essential role in th...

    Authors: Jingjing Zhou, Weiwei Wang, Jian Yang, Xuequan Zhu, Lei Feng, Le Xiao and Gang Wang

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:33

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  37. Content type: Study protocol

    Selective fetal growth restriction in monochorionic twin pregnancies is associated with an increased risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity and represents a clinical dilemma. Interventions include expectant...

    Authors: Asma Khalil, James M. N. Duffy, Helen Perry, Wessel Ganzevoort, Keith Reed, Ahmet A. Baschat, Jan Deprest, Eduardo Gratacos, Kurt Hecher, Liesbeth Lewi, Enrico Lopriore, Dick Oepkes, Aris Papageorghiou and Sanne J. Gordijn

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:35

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  38. Content type: Study protocol

    The insertion of a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is difficult in children due to the unique features of their airways. Muscle relaxants have been reported to facilitate LMA insertion in adults; however, there is...

    Authors: Sung Hye Byun, Soo Jin Kim and Eugene Kim

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:31

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  39. Content type: Study protocol

    Tobacco use is presently responsible for the death of over seven million people across the world. In Qatar, it is one of the main causes of premature deaths and preventable diseases. To reduce tobacco use, Qat...

    Authors: Maguy Saffouh El Hajj, Ahmed Awaisu, Nadir Kheir, Mohamad Haniki Nik Mohamed, Rula Shami Haddad, Rana Ahmed Saleh, Noora Mohammed Alhamad, Ahmad Mohd Almulla and Ziyad R. Mahfoud

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:25

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  40. Content type: Research

    Remifentanil is widely used for ultrasound-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We determined whether dexmedetomidine could be an alternative to remifentan...

    Authors: Jingru Pan, Xianlong Li, Ye He, Chaojun Jian, Hui-xin Chen, Ziqing Hei and Shaoli Zhou

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:28

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  41. Content type: Study protocol

    Paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose (POD) is the commonest cause of acute liver failure in Europe and North America. Current treatment involves the use of the antidote N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in patients deeme...

    Authors: James Dear

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:27

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  42. Content type: Study protocol

    School absenteeism (SA) is associated with anxiety, depression, and disruptive behavior. It is a risk factor for academic difficulties and school dropout, which predict problems in adulthood such as social, wo...

    Authors: Mikael Thastum, Daniel Bach Johnsen, Wendy K. Silverman, Pia Jeppesen, David A. Heyne and Johanne Jeppesen Lomholt

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:29

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  43. Content type: Study protocol

    The number of patients operated on for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is growing worldwide. Outpatient surgery is defined by a length of stay (LOS) in the hospital of less than 12 h. This can be limited for TKA...

    Authors: Laurie Tran, Melissa Barthelemy, Pascal Boileau, Marc Raucoules-Aime, Michel Carles and Christophe Trojani

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:30

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  44. Content type: Study protocol

    Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transition state between asymptomatic stage and dementia. Amnestic MCI (aMCI) patients who mainly present with memory deficits are highly likely to progress to Alzheimer’s ...

    Authors: Kan Zhang, Junyang Wang, Guoping Peng, Ping Liu, Fangping He, Zude Zhu and Benyan Luo

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:26

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  45. Content type: Study protocol

    Emergence agitation (EA) is a common postoperative issue in children that causes self-injury, increases stress on healthcare team members, and even leads to postoperative maladaptive behavioral changes in chil...

    Authors: Hui Zhang, Qing Fan, Junfeng Zhang, Bin Wu, Xiaofeng Wang, Yu Zhang and Aizhong Wang

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:22

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  46. Content type: Study protocol

    Hyperlipidemia, defined as elevated lipid levels, is the primary and major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Several studies have evaluated the effects of Chinese medicine (CM) on hyperli...

    Authors: Geng Li, Li Zhou, Wenwei Ouyang, Meiling Xuan, Liming Lu, Xiaoyan Li, Zehuai Wen and Xiankun Chen

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:14

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  47. Content type: Study protocol

    Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) was developed to restore gait function by promoting neuroplasticity through repetitive locomotor training and has been utilized in gait training. However, contradictory outc...

    Authors: Min-Gu Kang, Seo Jung Yun, Hyun Iee Shin, Eunkyung Kim, Hyun Haeng Lee, Byung-Mo Oh and Han Gil Seo

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:15

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  48. Content type: Study protocol

    Patients undergoing gynaecological surgery are known to experience anxiety. While the use of music selected by patients based on their personal taste has hardly been evaluated, a recent study suggests that mus...

    Authors: Tiphaine Petot, Nicolas Bouscaren, Olivier Maillard, Laetitia Huiart, Malik Boukerrou and Danielle Reynaud

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:20

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  49. Content type: Study protocol

    Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) often present with associated anaemia which is usually present at the time of diagnosis and is aggravated during the postoperative period due to blood loss during the surg...

    Authors: María Jesús Laso-Morales, Roser Vives, Andrea Vallejo-Tarrat, Novella Caló, Anna Valle-Beltran and Caridad Pontes

    Citation: Trials 2019 20:23

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