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  1. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is regarded as a complex metabolic disorder. Recently, the role of dietary antioxidants in the underlying pathogenesis and complications of MetS has come into focus. Pistacia atlantica o...

    Authors: Bahareh Sasanfar, Arezoo sadat Emrani, Faezeh Zademohammadi, Bita Forootani, Solaleh Emamgholipour, Sara Jambarsang, Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh, Fatemeh Pourrajab, Seyed Ali Yasini Ardakani, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh and Amin Salehi-Abarghouei
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:473
  2. Anal fistulas are mainly treated via surgery. They can be difficult to treat without surgical intervention. Numerous procedures, such as fistulectomy and fistulotomy, are performed to treat anal fistulas and a...

    Authors: Yongchang Zhao, Wei Xie, Xiaoshuo Wu, Xiaolan Li, Jinyan Guo, Qiurui Cao, Jiadi Liang, Xin-lin Chen, Wentao Zhao, Feng Sun, Hongjie Li, Weimin Luo and Yuying Li
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:470
  3. India has made steady progress in improving rates of primary school enrolment but levels of learning achievement remain low. The Support To Rural India’s Public Education System (STRIPES) trial provided eviden...

    Authors: Suzanne Keddie, Ila Fazzio, Siddharudha Shivalli, Nicholas Magill, Diana Elbourne, Dropti Sharma, Sajjan Singh Shekhawat, Rukmini Banerji, Sridevi Karnati, Harshavardhan Reddy, Alex Eble, Peter Boone and Chris Frost
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:469

    The Study protocol to this article has been published in Trials 2020 21:569

  4. China has the largest number of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the world, and most lack knowledge about glycemic control and health management. This trial will examine whether a smartphone...

    Authors: Hongxia Tang, Hua Qin, Mingjiao Zhang, Jihong Zhang, Huiwen Tan, Mengjie Chen, Laixi Kong, Maoting Guo, Fenghui Hu, Qin Wang, Xiaoxia Wang, Kun Zhang and Zhenzhen Xiong
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:468
  5. More than 2 billion peripheral vascular cannulas are introduced globally each year. It is the most frequently performed invasive procedure in medicine worldwide. There is a group of patients with difficult int...

    Authors: Jakub Hlasny, Roman Alberty, Marian Hlavac, Ivan Grgac, Michael Teodor Grey and Michal Venglarcik
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:467
  6. The incidence of maternal opioid use in the USA has increased substantially since 2000. As a consequence of opioid use during pregnancy, the incidence of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) has increase...

    Authors: Adam Czynski, Abbot Laptook, Abhik Das, Brian Smith, Alan Simon, Rachel Greenberg, Robert Annett, Jeannette Lee, Jessica Snowden, Claudia Pedroza, Barry Lester, Barry Eggleston, Drew Bremer and Elisabeth McGowan
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:466
  7. Universal immunisation is the cornerstone of preventive medicine for children, The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine administered at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of ag...

    Authors: Sarah Kelly, Xinxue Liu, Katherine Theiss-Nyland, Merryn Voysey, Sarah Murphy, Grace Li, Mary Nyantaro, Meeru Gurung, Sudha Basnet, Bhishma Pokhrel, Sanjeev M. Bijukchhe, Agnes Eordogh, Ben Gombe, Ayoub Kakande, Simon Kerridge, Geofrey Kimbugwe…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:465
  8. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy diagnosed in children. At present, the long-term survival from pediatric ALL is well over 90%. However, the probability of event-free survival i...

    Authors: Harri Sievänen, Juho Kari, Henri Aarnivala, Stefan Becker, Anu Huurre, Satu Långström and Sauli Palmu
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:464
  9. Optimal carbohydrate intake is an important and controversial area in the nutritional management of type 2 diabetes. Some evidence indicates that reducing overall carbohydrate intake with a low- or very low-ca...

    Authors: Laura R. Saslow, Adriana Eslamian, Patricia Moran, Wendy Hartogensis, Ashley E. Mason, Sarah Kim, Douglas C. Bauer, Dina Hafez Griauzde, Veronica Goldman, Vivian Liu, Pam Stephens, Kate Raymond, George Yeung, Cindy Leung and Frederick M. Hecht
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:463
  10. Early parent-implemented intervention enhances parent-child interaction and improves language skills in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Parent coaching is often delivered as standard care for ch...

    Authors: Isaac Kwee Mien Sia, Ying Qi Kang, Philina LiXuan Lai, Mythra Mahesh and Shang Chee Chong
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:462
  11. Delphi surveys are commonly used to prioritise critical outcomes in core outcome set (COS) development. This trial aims to compare a three-round (Multi-Round) Delphi (MRD) with a Real-Time Delphi (RTD) in the ...

    Authors: Fiona A. Quirke, Malcolm R. Battin, Caitlin Bernard, Linda Biesty, Frank H. Bloomfield, Mandy Daly, Elaine Finucane, David M. Haas, Patricia Healy, Tim Hurley, Sarah Koskei, Shireen Meher, Eleanor J. Molloy, Maira Niaz, Elaine Ní Bhraonáin, Christabell Omukagah Okaronon…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:461
  12. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been developed using drug-eluting stents (DES); however, stent implantation is associated with concerns of stent thrombosis and target vessel revascularization (TVR...

    Authors: Gwang-Seok Yoon, Seong-Huan Choi, Sung Woo Kwon, Sang-Don Park and Seong-Ill Woo
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:460
  13. We have determined that the impaired accommodation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) underlies the pathogenesis of esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO). We have also found that acotiamide...

    Authors: Mitsuru Esaki, Eikichi Ihara, Noriaki Manabe, Noriyuki Kawami, Katsuhiko Iwakiri, Junichi Akiyama, Shiko Kuribayashi, Toshio Uraoka, Haruei Ogino, Takatoshi Chinen, Akiko Misumi, Hiroko Watanabe, Maya Suzuki, Junji Kishimoto and Yoshihiro Ogawa
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:459
  14. Clinical research nurses are a key part of the clinical trial team but typically get involved later in the trial, usually during recruitment. The purpose of our study was to establish if CRNs who read the tria...

    Authors: Frances Shiely, Danielle Murphy and Seán R. Millar
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:458
  15. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition which affects women in the reproductive age group. South Asian women with PCOS have a higher risk of insulin resistance and metabolic disorder c...

    Authors: Neena Malhotra, Taruna Arora, Vanita Suri, Saubhagya Kumar Jena, Asha Verma, Mahasampath Gowri, Nitin Kapoor, Manjeet Singh Chalga, Bharati Kulkarni and Mohan S. Kamath
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:457

    The Publisher Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2023 24:486

  16. Heterogenous older adult populations are underrepresented in clinical trials, and their participation is necessary for interventions that directly target them. The purpose of this study was to evaluate reasons...

    Authors: Thomas E. Strayer, Emily K. Hollingsworth, Avantika S. Shah, Eduard E. Vasilevskis, Sandra F. Simmons and Amanda S. Mixon
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:456
  17. Despite the benefits of breastfeeding, early weaning is a reality, so less than 50% of children worldwide and in Brazil are on exclusive breastfeeding in the sixth month of life. A strategy to counteract this ...

    Authors: Mariana Torreglosa Ruiz, Elisa da Conceição Rodrigues, Karine Emanuelle Peixoto Oliveira da Silva, Cynthya Viana de Resende, Michele Curcino Cavalcanti, Luciano Marques dos Santos, Monika Wernet, Ana Letícia Monteiro Gomes, Marialda Moreira Christoffel, Maria Beatriz Guimarães Raponi, Jéssica Aparecida da Silva, Jacqueline Faria de Oliveira, Divanice Contim and Ana Maria Linares
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:455
  18. Influenza and COVID-19 infections during pregnancy may have serious adverse consequences for women as well as their infants. However, uptake of influenza and COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy remains suboptim...

    Authors: Prabha H. Andraweera, Bing Wang, Margie Danchin, Christopher Blyth, Ivo Vlaev, Jason Ong, Jodie Dodd, Jennifer Couper, Thomas R. Sullivan, Jonathan Karnon, Nicola Spurrier, Michael Cusack, Dylan Mordaunt, Dimi Simatos, Gus Dekker, Samantha Carlson…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:454
  19. Despite the existence of evidence-based therapy options for the treatment of chronic pain and comorbid depressive symptoms (e.g., CBT), many individuals remain untreated. Treatment gaps result from a lack of s...

    Authors: Swantje Borsutzky, Steffen Moritz, Birgit Hottenrott and Josefine Gehlenborg
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:453
  20. Authors: Dana Hartl, Yann Godbert, Xavier Carrat, Stéphane Bardet, Audrey Lasne-Cardon, Pierre Vera, Elena Ilies, Slimane Zerdoud, Jérôme Sarini, Mohamad Zalzali, Luigi La Manna, Olivier Schneegans, Antony Kelly, Philppe Kaufmann, Patrice Rodien, Laurent Brunaud…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:452

    The original article was published in Trials 2023 24:298

  21. The necessity of spinal segment fusion after decompression is one of the most controversial and unresolved issues in single-level lumbar spinal stenosis surgery. To date, only one trial carried out 15 years ag...

    Authors: Andrey Grin, Ivan Lvov, Aleksandr Talypov, Vladimir Smirnov, Anton Kordonskiy, Valeriy Lebedev, Andrey Zuev, Ilya Senko, Iren Pogonchenkova and Vladimir Krylov
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:451
  22. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is prescribed to almost half of all men diagnosed with prostate cancer. Although ADT is effective treatment, with virtually all men with advanced disease showing initial clin...

    Authors: Simon Crabb, Alannah Morgan, Myra S. Hunter, Evgenia Stefanopoulou, Gareth Griffiths, Alison Richardson, Deborah Fenlon, Louisa Fleure, James Raftery, Cherish Boxall, Sam Wilding, Jacqueline Nuttall, Zina Eminton, Emma Tilt, Alice O’Neill, Roger Bacon…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:450
  23. Muscle cramps are a common and often disabling symptom in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a devastating and incurable neurodegenerative disorder. To date, there are no medications specifically approved fo...

    Authors: Hiroshi Mitsumoto, Ken Cheung, Björn Oskarsson, Howard F. Andrews, Grace E. Jang, Jinsy A. Andrews, Jaimin S. Shah, Joseph Americo Fernandes, Martin McElhiney and Regina M. Santella
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:449
  24. Hypertension is a highly relevant public health challenge. Digital interventions may support improving adherence to anti-hypertensive medications and alter health behavior. Therefore, this protocol describes a...

    Authors: Muhammad Arshed, Rubeena Zakar, Muhammad Farooq Umer, Mehwish Kiran, Najeeb Ullah, Ghazala Iftikhar and Florian Fischer
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:448
  25. Children undergoing anaesthetic induction experience peri-operative anxiety associated with negative outcomes including emergence delirium, short- and long-term maladaptive behaviour and increased postoperativ...

    Authors: Krittika Vongkiatkajorn, Erin A. Brown, Alexandra Donaldson, Vanessa Rich, Rebecca Paterson, Justin Kenardy, Cameron Graydon and Paul Lee-Archer
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:446
  26. Although the number of cancer clinical drug trials is increasing rapidly in China, issues concerning informed consent in this research context are understudied. By performing a narrative literature review, we ...

    Authors: Xing Liu, Xiaoran Lu, Wei Zhou, Jessica Hahne, Kaveh Khoshnood, Xiaoting Shi, Yuqiong Zhong and Xiaomin Wang
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:445
  27. Pain is frequent after cardiac surgery and source of multiple complications that can impair postoperative recovery. Regional anesthesia seems to be an interesting technique to reduce the pain in this context, ...

    Authors: Audrey Jeanneteau, Achille Demarquette, Aymeric Blanchard-Daguet, Olivier Fouquet, Sigismond Lasocki, Jérémie Riou, Emmanuel Rineau and Maxime Léger
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:444
  28. Clinical trials aim to draw conclusions about the effects of treatments, but a trial can address many different potential questions. For example, does the treatment work well for patients who take it as prescr...

    Authors: Suzie Cro, Brennan C Kahan, Akshaykumar Patel, Ania Henley, Joanna C, Paul Hellyer, Manos Kumar, Yasmin Rahman and Beatriz Goulão
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:443
  29. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been shown to affect nutritional recommendations. Some functional foods have been demonstrated to be useful in the treatment of people with COVID-19. Howeve...

    Authors: Hadi Esmaeili Gouvarchinghaleh, Fateme Kiany, Karim Parastouei, Gholamhosein Alishiri, Nematollah Jonaidi Jafari, Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi, Afsaneh Pargar, Ali Ghazvini, Reza Mirnejad, Mehdi Raei, Ahmadreza Sharifi Olounabadi, Mansour Babaei, Soleyman Heydari, Hosein Rostami, Alireza Shahriary, Gholamreza Farnoosh…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:442
  30. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased globally; with a disproportionate burden in South and Southeast Asian countries, including Nepal. There is an urgent need for clinically and cost-effective cultura...

    Authors: Lal Rawal, Padam Dahal, Grish Paudel, Tuhin Biswas, Rabina Shrestha, Deepa Makaju, Abha Shrestha, Uday Yadav, Berhe W Sahle, Hanako Iwashita, Gaku Masuda, Andre Renzaho, Prabin Shakya, Archana Shrestha, Biraj Karmacharya, Haruka Sakamoto…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:441
  31. Psychotic disorders often develop a chronic course with devastating consequences for individuals, families, and societies. Early intervention programs for people in the first 5 years after the initial psychoti...

    Authors: D. Jäckel, A. Willert, A. Brose, K. Leopold, D. Nischk, S. Senner, O. Pogarell, S. Sachenbacher, M. Lambert, A. Rohenkohl, P. Kling-Lourenco, N. Rüsch, F. Bermpohl, M. Schouler-Ocak, V. Disselhoff, U. Skorupa…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:440

    The Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2023 24:476

  32. Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT) is a first-line treatment for tic disorders that aims to improve controllability over tics that an individual finds distressing or impairing. However, it i...

    Authors: Christine Conelea, Deanna J. Greene, Jennifer Alexander, Kerry Houlihan, Sarah Hodapp, Brianna Wellen, Sunday Francis, Bryon Mueller, Tim Hendrickson, Angela Tseng, Mo Chen, Mark Fiecas, Kelvin Lim, Alexander Opitz and Suma Jacob
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:439
  33. Hypertension is the most frequent chronic pathology in France and in the world. It is one of the main modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. In France, 50% of treated hypertensives are uncontrolled and only 3...

    Authors: Juliette Vay-Demouy, Alexandre Cinaud, Nathan Malka, Baptiste Mion, Sandrine Kretz, Hélène Lelong and Jacques Blacher
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:438
  34. Pediatric research is crucial for the development of new scientific advancements, treatments, and therapies for adolescents. Yet relatively few pediatric clinical trials are conducted due to barriers to succes...

    Authors: Alison E. Parker, Tracy M. Scull and Kathryn L. Kennedy
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:436
  35. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with changes in gait and posture, which increases the rate of falls and injuries in this population. Tai Chi (TC) training enhances the movement capacity of patients with...

    Authors: Nok-Yeung Law, Jing Xian Li, Qingguang Zhu and Julie Nantel
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:241
  36. The duration and regimen of tuberculosis (TB) treatment is currently based predominantly on whether the M. tuberculosis (Mtb) strain is drug-sensitive (DS) or multidrug-resistant (MDR) with doses adjusted by pati...

    Authors: Lilibeth Arias, Kennedy Otwombe, Ziyaad Waja, Nestani Tukvadze, Tamta Korinteli, Tumelo Moloantoa, Kaori L Fonseca, Natasha Pillay, Thabiso Seiphetlo, Dan Ouchi-Vernet, Adrian Siles, Lidia Carabias, Carles Quiñones, Sergo Vashakidze, Neil Martinson and Cristina Vilaplana
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:435
  37. In 2021, there were 38.4 million people living with HIV (PLHIV) globally, of which 20.6 million (54%) were living in Eastern and Southern Africa. Longitudinal studies, inclusive of community randomized trials ...

    Authors: Nomtha Bell-Mandla, Ethan Wilson, Deeksha Sharma, Rosa Sloot, Justin Bwalya, Ab Schaap, Deborah Donnell, Estelle Piwowar-Manning, Sian Floyd, Nozizwe Makola, Lungiswa Nkonki, Musonda Simwinga, Ayana Moore, Richard Hayes, Sarah Fidler, Helen Ayles…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:434
  38. Literacy is one of the most important skills a students can achieve, as it provides access to information and communication. Unfortunately, literacy skills are not easily acquired, especially for students with...

    Authors: Line Britt Ulriksen, Marthe Bilet-Mossige, Hugo Cogo Moreira, Kenneth Larsen and Anders Nordahl-Hansen
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:433
  39. Stenosis is one of the most common complications in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). Endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) is the treatment of choice for a short stenosis adjacent to the anastomosis from previo...

    Authors: Carme Loras, Pablo Ruiz-Ramirez, Juan Romero, Xavier Andújar, Josep Bargallo, Esther Bernardos, Marta Maia Boscá-Watts, Carlo Brugiotti, Eduard Brunet, David Busquets, Elena Cerrillo, Francisco Javier Cortina, Juan Antonio Díaz-Milanés, Carmen Dueñas, Ramón Farrés, Thomas Golda…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:432
  40. Excessive exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause skin cancer. Implementing new technologies and computational algorithms can potentially change the outlook for cancer prevention and facilitate ...

    Authors: Hassan Okati-Aliabad, Esmat Sadat Hosseini, Mohammad Ali Morowati Sharifabad, Mahdi Mohammadi, Mohamad Ebrahimzadeh Ardakani and Amir Hossein Talebrouhi
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:430
  41. Recent studies have demonstrated a correlation between intestinal flora and the severity of myocardial infarction as well as post-myocardial infarction repair. However, few studies have investigated whether pr...

    Authors: Yequn Chen, Rongbing Chen, Xin Wang, Yan Zhou, Liekai Hong, Nianling Xiong, Jinxiu Zhu, Shu Ye and Xuerui Tan
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:429
  42. Uganda’s community health worker (CHW), or village health team (VHT), program faces significant challenges with poor retention and insufficient financial and program investment. Adequate compensation comprisin...

    Authors: Smisha Agarwal, Raymond Tweheyo, Shivani Pandya, Emmanuel Obuya, Arisa Kiyomoto, Paloma Mitra, Meike Schleiff, Tanvi Nagpal, Mario Macis and Elizeus Rutebemberwa
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:428
  43. Informal caregivers of people with dementia are crucial in dementia care. However, they are insufficiently supported and report caregiver burdens, which urges the need for cost-effective interventions aimed at...

    Authors: Sander L. Osstyn, Ron Handels, Lizzy M. M. Boots, Sanne C. E. Balvert, Silvia M. A. A. Evers and Marjolein E. de Vugt
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:427
  44. Many randomized trials that aim to assess new or commonly used medical or surgical interventions have been so small that the validity of conclusions becomes questionable.

    Authors: Jean Raymond, Tim E. Darsaut, Johanna Eneling and Miguel Chagnon
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:426
  45. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted the operationalisation of non-COVID-19 clinical trials globally, particularly site and participant recruitment and trial success/stoppage. Trials which anticipate recruitment cha...

    Authors: Ava Lorenc, Leila Rooshenas, Carmel Conefrey, Julia Wade, Nicola Farrar, Nicola Mills, Sangeetha Paramasivan, Alba Realpe and Marcus Jepson
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:424
  46. As a practice-oriented discipline, strict adherence to reporting guidelines is particularly important in randomized controlled trial (RCT) abstracts of the nursing area. However, whether abstract reports after...

    Authors: Yan He, Rong Zhang, Wenjing Shan, Yuhuan Yin, Xiaoli Zhang, Yiyin Zhang and Xiaoping Wang
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:423
  47. Patients experience considerable postoperative pain after spinal surgery. As the spine is located at the centre of the body and supports body weight, severe postoperative pain hinders upper body elevation and ...

    Authors: Ki-Hoon Park, Nam-Su Chung, Hee-Woong Chung, Tae Young Kim and Han-Dong Lee
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:422

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