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  1. We aimed to test our expectation that additional administration of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), maxingshigan-weijing decoction, is more effective in the management of COVID-19 patients compared to those...

    Authors: Congcong Zeng, Zhengzhong Yuan, Xiaoqiong Pan, Jizhou Zhang, Jiahui Zhu, Fan Zhou, Zhuocheng Shan, Ye Yuan, Ren Ye and Jinguo Cheng

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1029

    Content type: Letter

    Published on:

  3. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of curcumin-piperine co-supplementation on disease duration, severity and clinical symptoms, and inflammatory mediators in patients with coronavirus (COVID-19).

    Authors: Mahsa Miryan, Mohammad Bagherniya, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Davood Soleimani, Mohammad Hossein Rouhani, Bijan Iraj and Gholamreza Askari

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1027

    Content type: Letter

    Published on:

  4. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Marcia Scazufca, Carina Akemi Nakamura, Tim J. Peters, Maiara Garcia Henrique, Antônio Seabra, Ehidee Gomez La Rotta, Renato M. Franzin, Daniele Ferreira Martins, Pepijn Van de Ven, William Hollingworth and Ricardo Araya

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1026

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in Trials 2020 21:914

  5. Entertainment-education (E-E) media can improve behavioral intent toward health-related practices. In the era of COVID-19, millions of people can be reached by E-E media without requiring any physical contact....

    Authors: Alain Vandormael, Maya Adam, Merlin Greuel and Till Bärnighausen

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1025

    Content type: Update

    Published on:

    The Letter to this article has been published in Trials 2020 21:469

  6. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Timothy Devos, Tatjana Geukens, Alexander Schauwvlieghe, Kevin K. Ariën, Cyril Barbezange, Myriam Cleeren, Veerle Compernolle, Nicolas Dauby, Daniël Desmecht, David Grimaldi, Bart N. Lambrecht, Anne Luyten, Piet Maes, Michel Moutschen, Marta Romano, Lucie Seyler…

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1024

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in Trials 2020 21:981

  7. The prevalence of mental health disorders is increasing globally, and the prevalence of COVID-19 has made it worse. Evidence has indicated a major mental health burden and elevated anxiety associated with the ...

    Authors: Fatemeh Khademian, Azam Aslani, Ramin Ravangard, Peivand Bastani, Mohammad Nami and Peyman Jafari

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1023

    Content type: Study protocol

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  8. There are limited data comparing the oncologic and fertility outcomes of patients with early-stage cervical cancer (CC) treated by minimally invasive radical trachelectomy (MIRT) or abdominal radical trachelec...

    Authors: Xiaopei Chao, Lei Li, Ming Wu, Huanwen Wu, Shuiqing Ma, Xianjie Tan, Sen Zhong and Jinghe Lang

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1022

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  9. The Pain Management Collaboratory (PMC) is a multi-site network of pragmatic clinical trials (PCTs) focused on nonpharmacological approaches to pain management, conducted in health care systems of the US Depar...

    Authors: Mary Geda, Steven Z. George, Diana J. Burgess, Dylan V. Scarton, William T. Roddy, Kirsha S. Gordon, Paul F. Pasquina, Cynthia A. Brandt, Robert D. Kerns and Peter Peduzzi

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1021

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  10. Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a prevalent chronic pain disorder primarily characterized by myofascial trigger points (MTrPs). There is limited knowledge on the pathophysiology and mechanisms underlying MTr...

    Authors: Valerie Evans, Michael Behr, Kei Masani and Dinesh Kumbhare

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1020

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  11. Burnout is an occupational syndrome that leads to mental health problems, job turnover, and patient safety events. Those caring for critically ill patients are especially susceptible due to high patient mortal...

    Authors: Marjorie E. Bateman, Rachel Hammer, Abigail Byrne, Nithya Ravindran, Jennifer Chiurco, Sasha Lasky, Rebecca Denson, Margo Brown, Leann Myers, Yuanhao Zu and Joshua L. Denson

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1019

    Content type: Study protocol

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  12. Most cardiac surgery patients undergo median sternotomy during open heart surgery. Sternotomy healing is an arduous, very complex, and multifactorial process dependent on many independent factors affecting the...

    Authors: Michal Čečrle, Dalibor Černý, Eva Sedláčková, Barbora Míková, Vlasta Dudková, Eva Drncová, Michala Pokusová, Ivo Skalský, Jana Tamášová and Milada Halačová

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1018

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  13. Pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including increased rates of caesarean section birth, macrosomia, congenital malformation, prematurity, admission to the ne...

    Authors: Oratile Kgosidialwa, Delia Bogdanet, Aoife Egan, Paula M. O’Shea, Linda Biesty, Declan Devane and Fidelma Dunne

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1017

    Content type: Study protocol

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  14. The conventional clinical trial design in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and AD-related disorders (ADRDs) is the parallel-group randomized controlled trial. However, in heterogeneous disorders like AD/ADRDs, this de...

    Authors: Libby A. DesRuisseaux, Victoria J. Williams, Alison J. McManus, Anoopum S. Gupta, Becky C. Carlyle, Hamed Azami, Jessica A. Gerber, Anna M. Bolling, Carolyn L. Cook, Rebecca A. Betensky and Steven E. Arnold

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1016

    Content type: Study protocol

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  15. Measles is a highly contagious and serious infection. Before the introduction of vaccination, measles caused yearly epidemics putting vulnerable children at risk of brain damage and death. Despite safe and cos...

    Authors: Dorthe Maria Vittrup, Anne Cathrine Lund Laursen, Michelle Malon, Jesper Kiehn Soerensen, Jakob Hjort, Soren Buus, Jannet Svensson and Lone Graff Stensballe

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1015

    Content type: Study protocol

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  16. SARS-Cov-2 virus preferentially binds to the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) on alveolar epithelial type II cells, initiating an inflammatory response and tissue damage which may impair surfactant synth...

    Authors: Ahilanandan Dushianthan, Howard Clark, Jens Madsen, Robin Mogg, Lewis Matthews, Lee Berry, Jorge Bernardino de la Serna, James Batchelor, David Brealey, Tracy Hussell, Joanna Porter, Ratko Djukanovic, Martin Feelisch, Anthony Postle and Michael P. W. Grocott

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1014

    Content type: Letter

    Published on:

  17. More than half of the unaccompanied young refugees (UYRs) resettled in Europe report elevated levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and comorbid symptoms. Earlier studies have highlighted the effectiv...

    Authors: Rita Rosner, Cedric Sachser, Fabienne Hornfeck, Reinhold Kilian, Heinz Kindler, Rainer Muche, Lauritz Rudolf Floribert Müller, Jonathan Thielemann, Tamara Waldmann, Ute Ziegenhain, Johanna Unterhitzenberger and Elisa Pfeiffer

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1013

    Content type: Study protocol

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  18. Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most common complication attributed to herpes zoster, which involves the reactivation of residual varicella zoster virus. It has been reported previously that pre-emptive am...

    Authors: Zheng Chen, Niti Shrestha, Chunmei Zhao, Bifa Fan and Fang Luo

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1012

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  19. Despite being the gold standard of research to determine effectiveness, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) often struggle with participant recruitment, engagement and retention. These issues may be exacerbate...

    Authors: Charlotte L. Hall, Charlotte Sanderson, Beverly J. Brown, Per Andrén, Sophie Bennett, Liam R. Chamberlain, E. Bethan Davies, Kareem Khan, Natalie Kouzoupi, David Mataix-Cols, Caitlin McKenzie, Tara Murphy, Mark Townsend, Chris Hollis and Elizabeth Murray

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1011

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  20. Return to work (RTW) is achieved by less than 50% of stroke survivors. The rising incidence of stroke among younger people, the UK economic forecast, and clinical drivers highlight the need for stroke survivor...

    Authors: Kathryn A. Radford, Kristelle Craven, Vicki McLellan, Tracey H. Sach, Richard Brindle, Ivana Holloway, Suzanne Hartley, Audrey Bowen, Rory O’Connor, Judith Stevens, Julie Philips, Marion Walker, Jain Holmes, Christopher McKevitt, John Murray, Caroline Watkins…

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1010

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  21. Syphilis rates have been increasing both in the USA and internationally with incidence higher among men-who-have-sex-with-men and people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Currently, ben...

    Authors: Shivani N. Mehta, Chrysovalantis Stafylis, David M. Tellalian, Pamela L. Burian, Cliff M. Okada, Carl E. Millner, Christopher M. Mejia and Jeffrey D. Klausner

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1009

    Content type: Study protocol

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  22. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a major role in the lives of people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), studies have shown that MRI-specific knowledge in pwMS is limited. Moreover, poor knowledge was ...

    Authors: Insa Schiffmann, Magalie Freund, Eik Vettorazzi, Jan-Patrick Stellmann, Susanne Heyer-Borchelt, Marie D’Hooghe, Vivien Häußler, Anne Christin Rahn and Christoph Heesen

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1008

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  23. Sports and exercise training can attenuate age-related declines in physical function. As people age, they suffer a progressive deterioration of overall muscle structure and function, such as muscle diameter, s...

    Authors: Guevar Alkhateeb and Lars Donath

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1007

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  24. This interventional study will investigate the effect of daily use of a mindfulness app on measures of participant anxiety, well-being, and perceived outlook during the COVID-19 pandemic, by comparing pre-inte...

    Authors: Katherine T. O’Donnell, Melanie Dunbar and Diana L. Speelman

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1006

    Content type: Letter

    Published on:

  25. The peak of the global COVID-19 pandemic has not yet been reached, and many countries face the prospect of a second wave of infections before effective vaccinations will be available. After an initial phase of...

    Authors: T. Vanassche, M. M. Engelen, Q. Van Thillo, J. Wauters, J. Gunst, C. Wouters, C. Vandenbriele, S. Rex, L. Liesenborghs, A. Wilmer, P. Meersseman, G. Van den Berghe, D. Dauwe, G. Verbeke, M. Thomeer, T. Fivez…

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1005

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2020 21:1033

  26. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Birgitta M. Weltermann, Christine Kersting, Claudia Pieper, Tanja Seifried-Dübon, Annegret Dreher, Karen Linden, Esther Rind, Claudia Ose, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Florian Junne, Brigitte Werners, Verena Schroeder, Jean-Marie Bois, Achim Siegel, Anika Thielmann, Monika A. Rieger…

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1004

    Content type: Publisher Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in Trials 2020 21:532

  27. Opioid dependence is an increasing public health problem all over the world. Patients with opioid dependence have to receive methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) as replacement therapy for years or even for the...

    Authors: Hao Wen, Shichao Xu, Jingchun Zeng, Shuqi Ge, Yuan Liao, Chunzhi Tang, Songhua Xiao and Liming Lu

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1003

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  28. Albumin is a key regulator of fluid distribution within the extracellular space and has several properties beyond its oncotic activity. The accumulating evidence suggests that supplementation of albumin may pr...

    Authors: Yasser Sakr, Michael Bauer, Axel Nierhaus, Stefan Kluge, Ulricke Schumacher, Christian Putensen, Falk Fichtner, Sirak Petros, Christian Scheer, Ulrich Jaschinski, Ivan Tanev, David Jacob, Norbert Weiler, P. Christian Schulze, Fritz Fiedler, Barbara Kapfer…

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1002

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  29. Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), although associated with very significant health and social burden, is an under-researched mental disorder for which clinically effective and cost-effective treatment me...

    Authors: Peter Fonagy, Jessica Yakeley, Tessa Gardner, Elizabeth Simes, Mary McMurran, Paul Moran, Mike Crawford, Alison Frater, Barbara Barrett, Angus Cameron, James Wason, Stephen Pilling, Stephen Butler and Anthony Bateman

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1001

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  30. Sample size calculations require assumptions regarding treatment response and variability. Incorrect assumptions can result in under- or overpowered trials, posing ethical concerns. Sample size re-estimation (...

    Authors: Julia M. Edwards, Stephen J. Walters, Cornelia Kunz and Steven A. Julious

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:1000

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  31. A severe epidemic of COVID-19 has broken out in China and has become a major global public health event. We focus on the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)-like changes and overactivation of Th17 cells...

    Authors: Panpan Liu, Zhijun Huang, Mingzhu Yin, Chun Liu, Xiang Chen, Pinhua Pan and Yehong Kuang

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:999

    Content type: Letter

    Published on:

  32. Postoperative acute pain is a common issue following thoracic surgery. Acupotomy is a common and safe intervention method for pain treatment in clinical practice. In previous preliminary experiments, we found ...

    Authors: Cai Jiang, Yinyan Li, Xiaomei Li, Jinhua Guo, Miaomiao Guo, Shengxian Yu and Zhonghua Lin

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:998

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  33. Policy-makers are increasingly seeking rigorous evidence on the impact of programs that go beyond typical health care settings to improve outcomes for low-income families during the critical period around the ...

    Authors: Margaret A. McConnell, R. Annetta Zhou, Michelle W. Martin, Rebecca A. Gourevitch, Maria Steenland, Mary Ann Bates, Chloe Zera, Michele Hacker, Alyna Chien and Katherine Baicker

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:997

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  34. This study aims to assess the effect of propolis supplementation on clinical symptoms in patients with coronavirus (COVID-19).

    Authors: Mahsa Miryan, Davood Soleimani, Leila Dehghani, Karim Sohrabi, Farzin Khorvash, Mohammad Bagherniya, Sayed Mazaher Sayedi and Gholamreza Askari

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:996

    Content type: Letter

    Published on:

  35. There is a large incidence of shoulder instability among active young athletes and military personnel. Shoulder stabilization surgery is the commonly employed intervention for treating individuals with instabi...

    Authors: Michael S. Crowell, Richard A. Brindle, John S. Mason, Will Pitt, Erin M. Miller, Matthew A. Posner, Kenneth L. Cameron and Donald L. Goss

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:995

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  36. Patients with COVID-19 and hypoxaemia despite conventional low-flow oxygen therapy are often treated with high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in line with international guidelines. Oxygen delivery by helmet continu...

    Authors: Jonas Tverring, Anna Åkesson and Niklas Nielsen

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:994

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  37. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: M. Edqvist, H. G. Dahlen, C. Häggsgård, H. Tern, K. Ängeby, G. Tegerstedt, P. Teleman, G. Ajne and C. Rubertsson

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:993

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in Trials 2020 21:945

  38. Four out of five patients with hypermobility spectrum disorder (HSD) or hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS) experience shoulder complaints including persistent pain and instability. Evidence suggests tha...

    Authors: Behnam Liaghat, Søren T. Skou, Jens Søndergaard, Eleanor Boyle, Karen Søgaard and Birgit Juul-Kristensen

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:992

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  39. The prevalence of prediabetes is increasing worldwide. Unfortunately, prediabetes is related to non-communicable diseases. A high risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is reported in people with p...

    Authors: Majid Karandish, Hassan Mozaffari-khosravi, Seyed Mohammad Mohammadi, Maryam Azhdari and Bahman Cheraghian

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:991

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  40. Nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion in anesthetized and intubated patients can be challenging, even for experienced anesthesiologists. Various techniques have been proposed to facilitate NGT insertion in these pa...

    Authors: Pitchaporn Purngpipattrakul, Suttasinee Petsakul, Sunisa Chatmonkolchart, Kanjana Nuanjun and Somrutai Boonchuduang

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:990

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  41. Acupuncture, as one of the promising non-pharmacological interventions, has been proved to be beneficial for patients. However, the magnitude of acupuncture’s specific and nonspecific effects, as well as their...

    Authors: Jin-Ling Li, Cun-Zhi Liu, Na Zhang, Chao-Qun Yan, Jian-Feng Tu, Li-Qiong Wang, You-Sheng Qi, Jun-Hong Liu and Xu Wang

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:989

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  42. Approximately 2 million children are hospitalized each year in the United States, with more than three-quarters of non-elective hospitalizations admitted through emergency departments (EDs). Direct admission, ...

    Authors: JoAnna K. Leyenaar, Corrie E. McDaniel, Stephanie C. Acquilano, Andrew P. Schaefer, Martha L. Bruce and A. James O’Malley

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:988

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  43. Test evaluation trials present different challenges for trial managers compared to intervention trials. There has been very little research on the management of test evaluation trials and how this impacts on t...

    Authors: Caroline Rick, Sue Mallett, James Brown, Ryan Ottridge, Andrew Palmer, Victoria Parker, Lee Priest and Jonathan J. Deeks

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:987

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  44. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Hypertension is an important and prevalent cardiovascular risk factor. The present study will be conducted to i...

    Authors: Hadi Emamat, Ali Zahedmehr, Sanaz Asadian, Hadith Tangestani and Javad Nasrollahzadeh

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:986

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  45. Vietnam has been experiencing an epidemiologic transition to that of a lower-middle income country with an increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases. The key risk factors for cardiovascular disease (C...

    Authors: Duc A. Ha, Oanh T. Tran, Hoa L. Nguyen, Germán Chiriboga, Robert J. Goldberg, Van H. Phan, Cuc T. Nguyen, Giang H. Nguyen, Hien V. Pham, Thang T. Nguyen, Thanh T. Le and Jeroan J. Allison

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:985

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  46. Trigger finger is a common hand disorder that limits finger range of motion and causes pain and snapping of the affected finger. Trigger finger is caused by an imbalance of the tendon sheath and the flexor ten...

    Authors: Samuli Aspinen, Panu H. Nordback, Turkka Anttila, Susanna Stjernberg-Salmela, Jorma Ryhänen and Jussi Kosola

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:984

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  47. Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a severe and devastating hematological disorder that affects over 100,000 persons in the USA and millions worldwide. Hydroxyurea is the primary disease-modifying therapy for the SC...

    Authors: Emily R. Meier, Susan E. Creary, Matthew M. Heeney, Min Dong, Abena O. Appiah-Kubi, Stephen C. Nelson, Omar Niss, Connie Piccone, Maa-Ohui Quarmyne, Charles T. Quinn, Kay L. Saving, John P. Scott, Ravi Talati, Teresa S. Latham, Amanda Pfeiffer, Lisa M. Shook…

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:983

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  49. Breast cancer treatment with radiotherapy can induce late radiation toxicity, characterized by pain, fibrosis, edema, impaired arm mobility, and poor cosmetic outcome. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been...

    Authors: M. C. T. Batenburg, H. J. G. D. van den Bongard, C. E. Kleynen, W. Maarse, A. Witkamp, M. Ernst, A. Doeksen, T. van Dalen, M. Sier, E. J. P. Schoenmaeckers, I. O. Baas and H. M. Verkooijen

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:980

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  50. The success rate of implant-supported prostheses for edentulous patients is relatively high. However, the incidence of biological complications, especially peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, increase...

    Authors: Pingyi Jia, Jingwen Yang, Zhaoguo Yue, Jianzhang Liu, Qi Liu, Zhongning Liu, Lin Tang and Jianxia Hou

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:979

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

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