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Insertion of a central venous access device (CVAD) allows clinicians to easily access the circulation of a patient to administer life-saving interventions. Due to their invasive nature, CVADs are prone to comp...
The standard of care for treating overweight and obesity is daily caloric restriction (DCR). While this approach produces modest weight loss, adherence to DCR declines over time and weight regain is common. In...
At present, effectively implementing smoking cessation programs in the health care system constitutes a major challenge. A unique opportunity to initiate smoking cessation focuses on smokers scheduled for surg...
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common disabilities in the elderly. When conservative management fails, total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is the treatment of choice for end-stage OA. Since quality and dura...
To date, there is no consensus on which anterior surgical technique is more cost-effective in treating cervical degenerative disc disease (CDDD). The most commonly used surgical treatment for patients with sin...
The emergent outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has emphasized the requirement for therapeutic opportunities to overcome this pa...
During reintegration to daily school life following psychiatric hospitalization, children and adolescents are confronted with various challenges and are at risk for rehospitalization. Tailored post-discharge s...
For patients and their intimate partners, advanced cancer poses significant challenges that can negatively impact both individuals and their relationship. Prior studies have found evidence that couple-based co...
Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is the most common subtype of IBS. Acupuncture is commonly used to treat IBS-D, but its effect is uncertain because of the poor quality of prior studies. T...
Core outcome sets are advocated as a means to standardize outcome reporting across randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and reduce selective outcome reporting. In 2005, the Prevention of Falls Network Europe (P...
An optimal bowel preparation can result in an improved colonoscopy. This study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of the use of a sports drink (Mizone) plus polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution with a w...
The alcohol-metabolizing enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a carcinogenic acetaldehyde-degrading enzyme, and its low activity is a genetic constitution peculiar to East Asians. People with low alcohol de...
Severe dyspnea and poor quality of life are common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The most important reason for this is wrong applications in inhaler treatment. In addition, inhaler treatment...
Diarrhea is the second deadliest disease for under-five children globally and the situation is more serious in developing countries. Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is being used as a standard treatment for ac...
Many children would benefit from a diet richer in vegetables and fruit. ‘Flavour School’ is a programme of ‘sensory food education’, which aims to increase children’s confidence and curiosity in exploring food...
The AZTEC trial is a multi-centre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of azithromycin to improve survival without development of chronic lung disease of prematurity (CLD) in preterm infants. The statistical ...
Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is the most common complication of mild traumatic brain injury demanding neurosurgery in high-income countries. If undetected and untreated, cSDH may increase intracranial pres...
The traditional cross technique can be used to complete most laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) procedures, but some relatively precise operations, such as vaginal stump suturing, are challenging. In ...
In breast cancer patients, late-term upper limb sequelae, such as shoulder pain and impaired shoulder function, remain common after primary breast cancer surgery. The aim of this trial is to evaluate whether a...
Acupuncture is one of the most popular complementary and alternative treatments for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). There are many methods of acupuncture in the treatment of KOA, and the effects are different. Acco...
The NOTACS trial will assess the efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of high-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) compared to standard oxygen therapy (SOT) on the outcomes of patients after cardiac surgery.
The Study protocol to this article has been published in Trials 2022 23:232
The use of respiratory devices can mitigate the spread of diseases such as COVID-19 in community settings. We aimed to determine the effectiveness of closed face shields with surgical face masks to prevent SAR...
Sublingual tablet buprenorphine (BUP-SL) and oral liquid methadone (MET) are the daily, standard-of-care (SOC) opioid agonist treatment medications for opioid use disorder (OUD). A sizable proportion of the OU...
Early essential newborn care (EENC) is a package of evidence-based and cost-effective interventions delivered around birth mainly including delayed cord clamping, immediate and sustained skin-to-skin contact, ...
There has been a rapid increase in the worldwide prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previous studies have shown that acupuncture can improve neurological and cognitive function; however, the utility of ap...
The chronic pain of patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) seriously affects their quality of life and leads to heavy social and economic burden. As a nondrug therapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Tu...
Multiple studies indicate that a lower plasma level of the acetylated form of the appetite-regulating hormone ghrelin and higher plasma levels of insulin lead to a reduction in subjective alcohol craving and a...
The Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2022 23:938
We previously developed and pilot tested Clean Cut, a program to prevent postoperative infections by improving compliance with the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) and strengthening adherence to infection c...
The COVID-19 pandemic impacted nearly all facets of our daily lives, and clinical research was no exception. Here, we discuss the impact of the pandemic on our ongoing, three-arm randomized controlled trial (R...
Weil osteotomies are performed to surgically treat metatarsalgia, by shortening the metatarsal via either a single distal oblique cut with translation of the metatarsal head (flat-cut) or through the removal o...
High intensity and endurance exercises lead to exercise-induced oxidative stress (EIOS), exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), and inflammation, which are the influencing factors on muscle soreness, localized...
More than 2.7 million hospitalizations of COVID-19-infected patients have occurred in Europe alone since the outbreak of the coronavirus in 2020. Interventions against SARS-CoV-2 are still in high need to prev...
The incidence of postoperative delirium (POD) is high in elderly patients with one-lung ventilation, which is mostly related to the impairment of cerebral oxygen supply/demand balance during operation. (Surgic...
Despite improvements in treatment regimens and technology, less than 20% of adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) achieve glycemic targets. Sleep is increasingly recognized as a potentially modifiable target for i...
Clinical study protocols are the foundation of good clinical studies. Prospective and multidisciplinary collaboration that pays attention to the design of all components of the study protocol can ensure that a...
In critically ill patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy, early initiation of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and beta-blockade of catecholamine-induced inotropic eff...
Chronic fatigue with a debilitating effect on daily life is a frequently reported symptom among adolescents and young adults with a history of Q-fever infection (QFS). Persisting fatigue after infection may ha...
For adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients aged 18 to 39 years, health insurance literacy is crucial for an effective use of the health care system. AYAs often face high out-of-pocket costs or have u...
Mobile health (mHealth) is promising in developing personalised smoking cessation interventions. By using an adaptive trial design, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of personalised mHealth intervention in ...
Addressing sexual trauma in the context of HIV care is essential to improve clinical outcomes and mental health among women in South Africa. Women living with HIV (WLH) report disproportionately high levels of...
Dental service provision in the care home sector is poor, with little emphasis on prevention. Emerging evidence suggests that the use of Dental Care Professionals (dental therapists and dental nurses) as an al...
Musculoskeletal disorders are very common in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The upper limb is one of the regions that is most frequently affected generally presenting limited joint mobility, pain, and a...
Approximately 75,000 people fracture a hip each year in the UK. This painful injury can be devastating—with a high associated mortality rate—and survivors likely to be more dependent and less mobile. Pain reli...
Access to protocols and statistical analysis plans (SAPs) increases the transparency of randomised trial by allowing readers to identify and interpret unplanned changes to study methods, however they are often...
Explanatory trials are designed to assess intervention efficacy under ideal conditions, while pragmatic trials are designed to assess whether research-proven interventions are effective in “real-world” setting...
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are commonly prescribed to patients with hypertension. These drugs are cardioprotective in addition to their blood pressure...
Diabetic macular ischaemia (DMI) is a complication of diabetic retinopathy that leads to irreversible vision loss. DMI is characterised by reduced retinal vessel density and enlargement of the foveal avascular...
Operative repair of a rotator cuff tear requires up to 12 weeks of post-operative (post-op) home-based rehabilitation. Maintaining patients’ compliance in the post-op rehabilitation program is a pivotal compon...
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is caused by humans and is high worldwide. Active antiretroviral therapy emerged in the late 1990s and is effective against AIDS. However, despite the extensive research on ...
Shift work is commonly associated with health problems resulting from circadian misalignment and sleep restriction. About one in three shift workers is affected by insomnia and up to 90% report regular fatigue...
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