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The problem of suicide has become increasingly common in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is an effective treatment for MDD with 2 milliamperes (...
Primary aldosteronism (P.A.) is the most common form of secondary hypertension, accounting for 5% of hypertensive patients and 17–23% of patients with resistant hypertension. Compared to primary hypertension, ...
Establishment of effective evidence-based interventions in rehabilitation of working memory (WM) deficits after acquired brain injury (ABI) is sorely needed. Despite robust evidence for the efficiency of clini...
Petersen’s hernia, which occurs after Billroth-II (B-II) or Roux-en-Y (REY) anastomosis, can be reduced by defect closure. This study aims to compare the incidence of bowel obstruction above Clavien–Dindo clas...
The surgical techniques for treatment of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH), a common neurosurgical condition, have been discussed in a lot of clinical literature. However, the recurrence proportion after CSDH s...
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) occurs in 30–50% of septic patients and contributes to high mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU). However, there are few proven interventions for coagulation ...
Since birth, during the exploration of the environment to interact with objects, we exploit both the motor and sensory components of the upper limb (UL). This ability to integrate sensory and motor information...
Postoperative delirium (POD) is a complication after surgery which leads to worse outcomes. The frequency of this syndrome is increasing as more elderly patients undergo major surgery. The frequency is around ...
Significant lower genital tract (LGT) dysbiosis and an associated lower rate of clinical pregnancy after in vitro fertilization–frozen embryo transfer (IVF-FET) among polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients ...
Few large randomized controlled trials provide strong evidence to guide surgical repair of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair. The purpose of this factorial, single-blind, randomized contro...
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication after general anaesthesia and is associated with morbidity and prolonged length of stay. Growing evidence suggest that opioid-free general anae...
Anemia is a worldwide problem with iron deficiency being the most common cause. When anemia occurs in pregnancy, it increases the risk of adverse maternal, fetal, and postnatal outcomes. It induces preterm bir...
Uncertainty persists over the effects of blood pressure (BP) lowering in acute stroke. The INTEnsive ambulance-delivered blood pressure Reduction in hyper-Acute stroke Trial (INTERACT4) aims to determine effic...
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains a priority challenge among orthopedic trauma patients. It is crucial to further improve the prophylaxis against VTE in routine orthopedic treatment. This study aims to comp...
Conducting clinical research on treatments for emerging infectious diseases is often complicated by methodological challenges, such as the identification of appropriate outcome measures to assess treatment res...
Violence against health care workers (HCWs) is a multifaceted issue entwined with broader social, cultural, and economic contexts. While it is a global phenomenon, in crisis settings, HCWs are exposed to excep...
The original article was published in Trials 2023 24:644
Participants with prediabetes are at a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Recent studies have suggested that blocking the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) may improve glucose ...
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a common clinical type of liver failure, and patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure are prone to fungal infections, especially the increasing incidence of invasiv...
The results of germline genetic testing for hereditary cancer are of importance not only to the patients under investigation but also to their genetic at-risk relatives. Standard care is to encourage the prob...
Prostate cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy and the second-leading cause of cancer-related death in men in the USA. Radiation therapy, typically with androgen suppression, remains a mainstay in the t...
Inflammation in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is an important contributor to both acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). M...
Full pulpotomy has been proposed as an alternative to root canal treatment in teeth with signs and symptoms indicative of irreversible pulpitis (IRP), but the evidence is limited, relying on underpowered studi...
Development and use of core outcome set(s) (COS) in research can reduce research wastage by ensuring that a minimum set of outcomes are always reported on. Neonatal morbidity and mortality are a big burden in ...
Studies have shown that the wet suction technique in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) generates better histological diagnostic accuracy and specimen quality than the dry suction te...
Sexual violence (SV) is a significant, global public health problem, particularly among young adults. Promising interventions exist, including prosocial bystander intervention programs that train bystanders to...
The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to rise and 70% of diabetic individuals have dry eye disease (DED) that leads to subsequent abnormalities of the corneal epithelium, corneal nerves, te...
There is a lack of evidence on the effectiveness of livelihood interventions amongst people with disabilities. In many countries, self-employment or microentrepreneurship is a dominant source of livelihoods fo...
Clinical research nurses (CRNs) have first-hand experience with ethical challenges and play a crucial role in upholding ethical conduct and adherence to the principles of informed consent in clinical research....
Physical restraints remain to be commonly used in agitated intensive care unit (ICU) patients worldwide, despite a lack of evidence on efficacy and safety and reports of detrimental short and long-term consequ...
Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is a critical supportive therapy in cardiovascular surgery (CVS). Donor selection and testing have reduced the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections; however, risks remain...
Following SARS-CoV-2 infection, a relevant proportion of patients suffer from persistent or recurring sequela, even after initially mild primary illness. Many patients experience exhaustion and fatigue, rende...
The use of remote consultation modalities has exponentially grown in the past few years, particularly since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although a huge body of the literature has described the use of p...
The REVISE (Re-Evaluating the Inhibition of Stress Erosions in the ICU) trial will evaluate the impact of the proton pump inhibitor pantoprazole compared to placebo in invasively ventilated critically ill patient...
The Staphylococcus aureus Network Adaptive Platform (SNAP) trial is a multifactorial Bayesian adaptive platform trial that aims to improve the way that S. aureus bloodstream infection, a globally common and sever...
Although placebo-controlled trials are considered the gold standard for evaluating the efficacy of healthcare interventions, they can be perceived to be controversial and challenging to conduct for surgical tr...
The Live Well with Parkinson’s Self-Management Toolkit is designed for use in the NHS to support people with Parkinson’s, their carers and health professionals in managing motor and non-motor symptoms and prom...
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a highly debilitating neurodegenerative condition. Despite recent advancements in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying ALS, there have been no significant im...
Family caregiver interventions are essential to support dementia caregiving. However, such interventions are typically complex and consist of multiple components. Existing evidence rarely delineates the effect...
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, underserved populations, such as racial and ethnic minorities, were disproportionately impacted by illness, hospitalization, and death. Equity in clinical trials means that th...
Alopecia is one of the most common adverse effects of chemotherapy. It reduces the patient’s self-esteem and quality of life and the effect of therapy. Scalp cooling is the only verified current method for pre...
Upper limb dysfunction seriously affects the ability of stroke patients to perform activities of daily living. As a popular exercise therapy, Tai Chi may become an alternative intervention. However, the neurop...
Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) is an internationally popular minimally invasive technology for the treatment of various lumbar diseases. Since its introduction to China in 2014, OLIF technology has cle...
Fifteen to 25% of patients with colorectal cancer have combined liver metastases at the time of diagnosis, whereas an additional 15 to 25% will develop liver metastases after curative resection of primary colo...
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent disorder for which treatment options such as medication, diets, and hypnotherapy either have shown limited effect or relieve symptoms in only a limited subs...
Retention to trials is important to ensure the results of the trial are valid and reliable. The SPIRIT guidelines (18b) require “plans to promote participant retention and complete follow-up, including list of...
Focal brain lesions following a stroke of the middle cerebral artery induce large-scale network disarray with a potential to impact multiple cognitive and behavioral domains. Over the last 20 years, non-invasi...
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) causes about 70,000 maternal deaths every year. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a life-saving treatment for women with PPH. Intravenous (IV) TXA reduces deaths due to PPH by one-third whe...
Antiviral therapy has been reported to be associated with lower recurrence rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. While entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disopr...
The findings from multi-centre trials are central to the practice of evidence-based medicine, enabling the development and implementation of new treatments. The time it takes to commence clinical trials at sit...
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