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  1. There is a large incidence of shoulder instability among active young athletes and military personnel. Shoulder stabilization surgery is the commonly employed intervention for treating individuals with instabi...

    Authors: Michael S. Crowell, Richard A. Brindle, John S. Mason, Will Pitt, Erin M. Miller, Matthew A. Posner, Kenneth L. Cameron and Donald L. Goss

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:995

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  2. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: M. Edqvist, H. G. Dahlen, C. Häggsgård, H. Tern, K. Ängeby, G. Tegerstedt, P. Teleman, G. Ajne and C. Rubertsson

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:993

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in Trials 2020 21:945

  3. Four out of five patients with hypermobility spectrum disorder (HSD) or hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS) experience shoulder complaints including persistent pain and instability. Evidence suggests tha...

    Authors: Behnam Liaghat, Søren T. Skou, Jens Søndergaard, Eleanor Boyle, Karen Søgaard and Birgit Juul-Kristensen

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:992

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  4. The prevalence of prediabetes is increasing worldwide. Unfortunately, prediabetes is related to non-communicable diseases. A high risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is reported in people with p...

    Authors: Majid Karandish, Hassan Mozaffari-khosravi, Seyed Mohammad Mohammadi, Maryam Azhdari and Bahman Cheraghian

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:991

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  5. Nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion in anesthetized and intubated patients can be challenging, even for experienced anesthesiologists. Various techniques have been proposed to facilitate NGT insertion in these pa...

    Authors: Pitchaporn Purngpipattrakul, Suttasinee Petsakul, Sunisa Chatmonkolchart, Kanjana Nuanjun and Somrutai Boonchuduang

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:990

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  6. Acupuncture, as one of the promising non-pharmacological interventions, has been proved to be beneficial for patients. However, the magnitude of acupuncture’s specific and nonspecific effects, as well as their...

    Authors: Jin-Ling Li, Cun-Zhi Liu, Na Zhang, Chao-Qun Yan, Jian-Feng Tu, Li-Qiong Wang, You-Sheng Qi, Jun-Hong Liu and Xu Wang

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:989

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  7. Approximately 2 million children are hospitalized each year in the United States, with more than three-quarters of non-elective hospitalizations admitted through emergency departments (EDs). Direct admission, ...

    Authors: JoAnna K. Leyenaar, Corrie E. McDaniel, Stephanie C. Acquilano, Andrew P. Schaefer, Martha L. Bruce and A. James O’Malley

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:988

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  8. Test evaluation trials present different challenges for trial managers compared to intervention trials. There has been very little research on the management of test evaluation trials and how this impacts on t...

    Authors: Caroline Rick, Sue Mallett, James Brown, Ryan Ottridge, Andrew Palmer, Victoria Parker, Lee Priest and Jonathan J. Deeks

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:987

    Content type: Methodology

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  9. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Hypertension is an important and prevalent cardiovascular risk factor. The present study will be conducted to i...

    Authors: Hadi Emamat, Ali Zahedmehr, Sanaz Asadian, Hadith Tangestani and Javad Nasrollahzadeh

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:986

    Content type: Study protocol

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  10. Vietnam has been experiencing an epidemiologic transition to that of a lower-middle income country with an increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases. The key risk factors for cardiovascular disease (C...

    Authors: Duc A. Ha, Oanh T. Tran, Hoa L. Nguyen, Germán Chiriboga, Robert J. Goldberg, Van H. Phan, Cuc T. Nguyen, Giang H. Nguyen, Hien V. Pham, Thang T. Nguyen, Thanh T. Le and Jeroan J. Allison

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:985

    Content type: Study protocol

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  11. Trigger finger is a common hand disorder that limits finger range of motion and causes pain and snapping of the affected finger. Trigger finger is caused by an imbalance of the tendon sheath and the flexor ten...

    Authors: Samuli Aspinen, Panu H. Nordback, Turkka Anttila, Susanna Stjernberg-Salmela, Jorma Ryhänen and Jussi Kosola

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:984

    Content type: Study protocol

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  12. Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a severe and devastating hematological disorder that affects over 100,000 persons in the USA and millions worldwide. Hydroxyurea is the primary disease-modifying therapy for the SC...

    Authors: Emily R. Meier, Susan E. Creary, Matthew M. Heeney, Min Dong, Abena O. Appiah-Kubi, Stephen C. Nelson, Omar Niss, Connie Piccone, Maa-Ohui Quarmyne, Charles T. Quinn, Kay L. Saving, John P. Scott, Ravi Talati, Teresa S. Latham, Amanda Pfeiffer, Lisa M. Shook…

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:983

    Content type: Study protocol

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  14. The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed an enormous burden on health care systems around the world. In the past, the administration of convalescent plasma of patients having recovered from SARS and severe influenza ...

    Authors: Timothy Devos, Tatjana Geukens, Alexander Schauwvlieghe, Kevin K. Ariën, Cyril Barbezange, Myriam Cleeren, Veerle Compernolle, Nicolas Dauby, Daniël Desmecht, David Grimaldi, Bart N. Lambrecht, Anne Luyten, Piet Maes, Michel Moutschen, Marta Romano, Lucie Seyler…

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:981

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2020 21:1024

  15. Breast cancer treatment with radiotherapy can induce late radiation toxicity, characterized by pain, fibrosis, edema, impaired arm mobility, and poor cosmetic outcome. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been...

    Authors: M. C. T. Batenburg, H. J. G. D. van den Bongard, C. E. Kleynen, W. Maarse, A. Witkamp, M. Ernst, A. Doeksen, T. van Dalen, M. Sier, E. J. P. Schoenmaeckers, I. O. Baas and H. M. Verkooijen

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:980

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  16. The success rate of implant-supported prostheses for edentulous patients is relatively high. However, the incidence of biological complications, especially peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, increase...

    Authors: Pingyi Jia, Jingwen Yang, Zhaoguo Yue, Jianzhang Liu, Qi Liu, Zhongning Liu, Lin Tang and Jianxia Hou

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:979

    Content type: Study protocol

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  17. Since December 2019, the outbreak of coronavirus pneumonia was observed in China and quickly propagate in all of the world. Nowadays, many trials are underway on this disease in which the efficacy of various t...

    Authors: Maryam Azimi and Fatemeh Sadat Hasheminasab

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:978

    Content type: Study protocol

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  18. Despite high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), early defibrillation, and antiarrhythmic medications, some patients remain in refractory ventricular fibrillation (VF) during out-of-hospital cardiac a...

    Authors: Ian R. Drennan, Paul Dorian, Shelley McLeod, Ruxandra Pinto, Damon C. Scales, Linda Turner, Michael Feldman, P. Richard Verbeek, Laurie J. Morrison and Sheldon Cheskes

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:977

    Content type: Study protocol

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  19. Opioid overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids, particularly illicitly manufactured fentanyl, remain a substantial public health concern in North America. Responses to overdose events (e.g., administration...

    Authors: Brendan P. Jacka, Jacqueline E. Goldman, Jesse L. Yedinak, Edward Bernstein, Scott E. Hadland, Jane A. Buxton, Susan G. Sherman, Katie B. Biello and Brandon D. L. Marshall

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:976

    Content type: Study protocol

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  20. College is an exciting but also challenging time with an increased risk for mental health issues. Only a minority of the college students concerned get professional help, a problem that might be improvable by ...

    Authors: Ann-Marie Küchler, Dana Schultchen, Olga Pollatos, Morten Moshagen, David D. Ebert and Harald Baumeister

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:975

    Content type: Study protocol

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  21. The management of acute febrile illnesses places a heavy burden on clinical services in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Bacterial and viral aetiologies of acute fevers are often clinically indis...

    Authors: Olawale Salami, Philip Horgan, Catrin E. Moore, Abhishek Giri, Asadu Sserwanga, Ashish Pathak, Buddha Basnyat, Francois Kiemde, Frank Smithuis, Freddy Kitutu, Gajanan Phutke, Halidou Tinto, Heidi Hopkins, James Kapisi, Myo Maung Maung Swe, Neelam Taneja…

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:974

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  22. The indication for antibiotic prophylaxis in burn patients remains highly controversial, with no consensus having been reached. The objective of antibiotic prophylaxis is to reduce the risk of postoperative lo...

    Authors: François Dépret, Boris Farny, Mathieu Jeanne, Kada Klouche, Thomas Leclerc, Karine Nouette-Gaulain, Olivier Pantet, Francis Rémerand, Antoine Roquilly, Anne-Françoise Rousseau, Simon Sztajnic, Sandrine Wiramus, Eric Vicaut and Matthieu Legrand

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:973

    Content type: Study protocol

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  23. There is considerable evidence for the efficacy of moderate-intensity continuous exercise benefitting clinically relevant outcomes in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, persons with MS who have wal...

    Authors: Elizabeth A. Hubbard, Robert W. Motl and David J. Elmer

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:972

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  24. Three large trials of fluoxetine for stroke recovery (FOCUS (fluoxetine or control under supervision), AFFINITY (the Assessment oF FluoxetINe In sTroke recovery) and EFFECTS (Efficacy oF Fluoxetine—a randomisE...

    Authors: Gillian Elizabeth Mead, Catriona Graham, Laurent Billot, Per Näsman, Erik Lundström, Steff Lewis, Graeme J. Hankey, Maree L. Hackett, John Forbes and Martin Dennis

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:971

    Content type: Update

    Published on:

    The Update to this article has been published in Trials 2017 18:627

  25. Cesarean section is an important surgical procedure, when normal vaginal delivery imposes a risk to mother and/or baby. The World Health Organization states the ideal rate for Cesarean section to be between 10...

    Authors: Mahboubeh Shirzad, Elham Shakibazadeh, Abbas Rahimi Foroushani, Mehrandokht Abedini, Hamid Poursharifi and Sohrab Babaei

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:970

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  26. The inflammatory response after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) has been associated with early brain injury, delayed cerebral ischaemia, poor functional outcome, and case fatality. In experimental S...

    Authors: Inez Koopman, Gabriel J. E. Rinkel and Mervyn D. I. Vergouwen

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:969

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  27. Patients with diabetes are - compared to people without diabetes - at increased risk of worse outcomes from COVID-19 related pneumonia during hospitalization. We aim to investigate whether telemetric continuou...

    Authors: Carina Kirstine Klarskov, Birgitte Lindegaard, Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard and Peter Lommer Kristensen

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:968

    Content type: Letter

    Published on:

  28. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Ana Paula Junqueira-Kipnis, Laura Raniere Borges dos Anjos, Lília Cristina de Souza Barbosa, Adeliane Castro da Costa, Kellen Christina Malheiros Borges, Amanda da Rocha Oliveira Cardoso, Kaio Mota Ribeiro, Sarah Brena Aparecida Rosa, Carine de Castro Souza, Rogério Coutinho das Neves, Guylherme Saraiva, Sueli Meira da Silva, Erika Aparecida Silveira, Marcelo Fouad Rabahi, Marcus Barreto Conte and André Kipnis

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:967

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in Trials 2020 21:881

  29. The optimal timing to administer a P2Y12 inhibitor in patients presenting with a non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome remains a topic of debate. Pretreatment with ticagrelor before coronary anatomy is know...

    Authors: Giuseppe Tarantini, Marco Mojoli, Ferdinando Varbella, Roberto Caporale, Stefano Rigattieri, Giuseppe Andò, Plinio Cirillo, Simona Pierini, Andrea Santarelli, Paolo Sganzerla, Nicoletta De Cesare, Ugo Limbruno, Alessandro Lupi, Roberto Ricci, Carlo Cernetti, Luca Favero…

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:966

    Content type: Study protocol

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  30. To assess the efficacy of ivermectin in addition to standard treatment compared to standard treatment alone in reducing hospitalizations in the COVID-19 patient population.

    Authors: Julio Vallejos, Rodrigo Zoni, Maria Bangher, Silvina Villamandos, Angelina Bobadilla, Fabian Plano, Claudia Campias, Evangelina Chaparro Campias, Fernando Achinelli, Hector A. Guglielmone, Jorge Ojeda, Fernanda Medina, Diego Farizano Salazar, Gerardo Andino, Natalia E. Ruiz Diaz, Pablo Kawerin…

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:965

    Content type: Letter

    Published on:

  31. Spine metastasis is a common occurrence in cancer patients and results in pain, neurologic deficits, decline in performance status, disability, inferior quality of life (QOL), and reduction in ability to recei...

    Authors: Rupesh Kotecha, Brian J. Schiro, Justin Sporrer, Muni Rubens, Haley R. Appel, Kathleen S. Calienes, Belinda Boulanger, Marietsy V. Pujol, Deborah T. Suarez, Ashley Pena, Alex Kudryashev and Minesh P. Mehta

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:964

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  32. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV, taken daily, is an effective strategy to clinically suppress the virus, providing the dual benefit of improved survival and vastly decreasing the risk of transmission. How...

    Authors: Laura Packel, Prosper Njau, Carolyn Fahey, Angela Ramadhani, William H. Dow, Nicholas P. Jewell and Sandra McCoy

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:963

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  33. In common with many countries, Ireland has seen an increasing trend in the number of clinical trials conducted over the past few years. Yet, as elsewhere, trialists in Ireland face several problems and barrier...

    Authors: Lauren Leddy, Prasanth Sukumar, Lydia O’Sullivan, Fionnuala Keane, Declan Devane and Peter Doran

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:962

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  34. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors:

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:961

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in Trials 2020 21:877

  35. Enteral nutrition is part of the treatment of critically ill patients. Administration of enteral nutrition may be associated with signs of intolerance, such as high gastric residual volumes, diarrhea, and vomi...

    Authors: Ondrej Hrdy, Kamil Vrbica, Eva Strazevska, Petr Suk, Lenka Souckova, Radka Stepanova, Igor Sas and Roman Gal

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:955

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  36. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is an important cause of significant systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in the surgical treatment of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). In patients with arch vesse...

    Authors: Jing Yang, Dong Ji, Yue-Qian Zhu, Yun Ren, Xun Zhang, Hong-Yu Dai, Xu Sun, Yi Zhou, Zhi-Yuan Chen, Qing-Guo Li and Hao Yao

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:954

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  37. Intralipid is a necessary fatty acid carrier that has been safely used as an energy supplier in the clinic. It has played an important role in rescuing the cardiac arrest caused by local anesthetic toxicity. I...

    Authors: Yuan Yuan, Hui Xiong, Yan Zhang, Hong Yu and Rong-Hua Zhou

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:953

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  38. Little is known about why parents agree to take part in randomized controlled trials for adolescent mental health. This study aimed to investigate parents’ perspectives on participating in a trial for psycholo...

    Authors: Sally O’Keeffe, Katharina Weitkamp, Danny Isaacs, Mary Target, Virginia Eatough and Nick Midgley

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:952

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  39. Otitis media with effusion is the major cause of acquired hearing problems in children. Some of the affected children need surgery with ventilation tubes in the tympanic membrane to reduce ear complaints and t...

    Authors: Bjarne Austad, Ann Helen Nilsen, Anne-Sofie Helvik, Grethe Albrektsen, Ståle Nordgård and Wenche Moe Thorstensen

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:950

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  40. Since decades, fever and infections have been the most important complications of intensive chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. Neutrop...

    Authors: Charlotte E. M. de Mooij, Lenneke F. J. van Groningen, Anton F. J. de Haan, Bart J. Biemond, Martijn Bakker, Walter J. F. M. van der Velden and Nicole M. A. Blijlevens

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:948

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  42. Human milk is recommended for all very low birth weight infants. Breastmilk is highly variable in nutrient content, failing to meet the nutritional demands of this group. Fortification of human milk is recomme...

    Authors: Joanna Seliga-Siwecka, Anna Chmielewska and Katarzyna Jasińska

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:946

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  43. Severe perineal trauma sustained during childbirth is a serious complication since it can lead to both short- and long-term consequences for women. Some of the methods used to prevent perineal injuries have be...

    Authors: M. Edqvist, H. G. Dahlen, C. Häggsgård, H. Tern, K. Ängeby, G. Tegerstedt, P. Teleman, G. Ajne and C. Rubertsson

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:945

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2020 21:993

  44. Although evidence had demonstrated the effectiveness of smartphone apps in diabetes care, the majority of apps had been developed for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and targeted at populations outsid...

    Authors: Fansu Huang, Xinyin Wu, Yuting Xie, Fang Liu, Juan Li, Xia Li and Zhiguang Zhou

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:944

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  46. To evaluate a therapeutic role for omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in the treatment of olfactory dysfunction associated with COVID-19 infection

    Authors: David Lerner, Katherine Garvey, Annie Arrighi-Allisan, Andrey Filimonov, Peter Filip, Katherine Liu, Sen Ninan, Madeleine Schaberg, Patrick Colley, Anthony Del Signore, Satish Govindaraj and Alfred Marc Iloreta

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:942

    Content type: Letter

    Published on:

  47. 1. To compare the effectiveness of four different surveillance strategies in detecting COVID-19 within the homeless shelter population.

    Authors: Timothy O’Shea, Lawrence Mbuagbaw, Vaibhav Mokashi, David Bulir, Jodi Gilchrist, Nicole Smieja, Sylvia Chong, Sarah Marttala, Valentina Vera, Anna Cvetkovic and Marek Smieja

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:941

    Content type: Letter

    Published on:

  48. To assess the effect of prone positioning therapy on intubation rate in awake patients with COVID-19 and acute respiratory failure.

    Authors: Miguel Á. Ibarra-Estrada, Miguel Marín-Rosales, Roxana García-Salcido, Sara A. Aguirre-Díaz, Alexandra Vargas-Obieta, Quetzalcóatl Chávez-Peña, José A. López-Pulgarín, Julio C. Mijangos-Méndez and Guadalupe Aguirre-Avalos

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:940

    Content type: Letter

    Published on:

  49. Pharmacological therapies of proven efficacy in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are still lacking. We have identified IFNβ-1a as the most promising drug to be repurposed for COVID-19. The rationale relies ...

    Authors: Emanuele Bosi, Carlo Bosi, Patrizia Rovere Querini, Nicasio Mancini, Giliola Calori, Annalisa Ruggeri, Cecilia Canzonieri, Luciano Callegaro, Massimo Clementi, Francesco De Cobelli, Massimo Filippi and Marco Bregni

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:939

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  50. Developing low-cost, socio-culturally appropriate, and scalable interventions for youth depression and anxiety symptoms in low-income regions such as countries in sub-Saharan Africa is a global mental health p...

    Authors: Tom L. Osborn, Katherine E. Venturo-Conerly, Akash R. Wasil, Micaela Rodriguez, Elizabeth Roe, Rediet Alemu, Susana Arango G., Jenny Gan, Christine Wasanga, Jessica L. Schleider and John R. Weisz

    Citation: Trials 2020 21:938

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

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