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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), an inflammatory-mediated chronic lung disease, is common in extremely preterm infants born before 28 weeks’ gestation and is associated with an increased risk of adverse neuro...
Clinical trial evidence underpins evidence-based medicine and the improvement of healthcare worldwide. In Australasia, a significant proportion of clinical trials are conducted by geographically dispersed and ...
The management of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature newborns is based on different types of non-invasive respiratory support and on surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) to avoid mechanical venti...
Oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention is highly effective, but uptake remains low in Africa, especially among young women who are a priority population for HIV prevention services. HIV se...
Vector control tools, long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), have significantly contributed to malaria prevention efforts in sub-Saharan Africa. However, insecticide resista...
School-based universal social and emotional learning (SEL) interventions implemented during the transition to adolescence may be efficacious in preventing the development of mental health difficulties. This pr...
The Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2024 25:36
Supraspinatus tendon reconstruction (STR) was recently introduced as a new treatment option for irreparable posterosuperior massive rotator cuff tears (IPMRCT). STR was thought to be more advantageous than sup...
Achilles tendon tenotomy is an integral part of the Ponseti method, aimed at correcting residual equinus and lack of dorsiflexion after correction of the adductus deformity in clubfoot. Percutaneous tenotomy u...
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality worldwide. A significant contributing factor to this mortality is the lack of engagement in preventive activities. Consequently, strategies for enhancin...
The original article was published in Trials 2021 22:617
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic, noncommunicable disease characterized by hypoxemia, with altered lung function, dyspnea on mild exertion, limited tolerance to physical exertion, and ...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) considerably impacts patients’ lives. Patients’ confidence in their ability to manage this impact, or self-efficacy, can be supported with self-management interventions. One approach ...
The SafeBoosC project aims to test the clinical value of non-invasive cerebral oximetry by near-infrared spectroscopy in newborn infants. The purpose is to establish whether cerebral oximetry can be used to sa...
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by abnormal function of the chloride ion channels and characterized by pancreatic insufficiency and chronic endobronchial airway infection. Pulmon...
Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial (MRGNB) infections represent a major public health threat. Cancer patients and, among them, hematological patients are most vulnerable to these infections. Gut colon...
Postoperative anaemia is common in older cardiac surgery patients and often caused by iron deficiency. Anaemia may negatively affect recovery after cardiac surgery. This study aims to determine the efficacy of...
The Government of Cambodia established the village health support groups (VHSGs) in 2003 to facilitate primary healthcare activities, including maternal and child health (MCH) services. However, VHSGs face sev...
The recruitment process in a randomized trial can be challenging. Poor recruitment can have a negative impact on the allocated budget and estimated completion date of the study and may result in an underpowere...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in females characterized by ovulatory dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and other metabolic disorders. Both intermittent fasting and ...
A significant proportion of Canadian adults is impacted by chronic noncommunicable diseases. These conditions may be improved by peer-led health promotion interventions that target modifiable risk factors; how...
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) poses a growing public health burden, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Task-shifting to lay village health workers (VHWs) and the use of digital clinical decision s...
The original article was published in Trials 2023 24:641
Existing treatments for young people with severe depression have limited effectiveness. The aim of the Study of Ketamine for Youth Depression (SKY-D) trial is to determine whether a 4-week course of low-dose s...
Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the main cause of vision loss in diabetic patients. Currently, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) intravitreal injection stands as the first-line therapy for DME. Ho...
With regard to the esthetics and comfort of orthodontic treatment, the requirement for removable clear aligners (CAs) is increasing. Unlike conventional fixed orthodontic appliances, CAs were made of thermopla...
The autonomic nervous system can be responsible for the initiation and maintenance of arrhythmias. Low-level tragus stimulation (LLTS), a noninvasive form of autonomic neuromodulation, has been shown to be eff...
Hundreds of youth psychotherapy randomized trials have generated scores of helpful empirically supported treatments (ESTs). However, the standardized structure of many ESTs and their focus on a single disorder...
CommunityRx is an evidence-based social care intervention delivered to family and friend caregivers (“caregivers”) at the point of healthcare to address health-related social risks (HRSRs). Two CommunityRx ran...
In this commentary, we discuss a recent article in Trials that raised concerns about the number of poorly performed randomised trials in the medical literature and discuss the trials literature more widely. Altho...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a serious global health problem, and exercise is considered an essential non-pharmacological tool in T2D prevention and treatment. During periods of social isolation experienc...
The Unified Protocol (UP) is a transdiagnostic intervention based on emotional regulation for the treatment of emotional disorders. Its application in individual and group formats has been studied worldwide, o...
Patients with stroke frequently experience walking dysfunction. Core training can help improve balance and walking function in patients with stroke. However, core training movements in clinical practice are nu...
Approximately ten percent of US military veterans suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cognitive processing therapy (CPT) is a highly effective, evidence-based, first-line treatment for PTSD that ...
Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome is a highly prevalent syndrome. Previous studies showed that extracorporeal shockwave therapy and myofascial release therapy could improve the quality of life i...
Myopia prevalence has been increasing in the last decades, and its pathological consequences, including myopic maculopathy and high myopia-associated optic neuropathy, are now one of the most common causes of ...
Diabetes self-management education (DSME) helps patients self-manage their condition and improve outcomes/quality of life. However, access to DSME is limited, particularly in low-income areas. This study aims ...
Running is the most common cardiovascular exercise in the military. However, there is a high incidence of running-related overuse injuries that reduces military readiness. Gait retraining is a common intervent...
Older patients often experience safety issues when transitioning from hospital to home. The ‘Your Care Needs You’ (YCNY) intervention aims to support older people to ‘know more’ and ‘do more’ whilst in hospita...
The LOw RISk DCIS (LORIS) study was set up to compare conventional surgical treatment with active monitoring in women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Recruitment to trials with a surveillance arm is kno...
For patients with varicose veins, the goal is to relieve pain and swelling, reduce the severity of edema, improve skin changes, and heal ulcers associated with venous disease. Compression therapy is the corner...
Nonadherence to medication is a major issue in patients with chronic disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). Many interventions for increasing adherence have been tested, and these have shown weak-to-moder...
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disability affecting at least 5 million children in South Asia. Majority of these children are without access to evidence-based care. The UK Pre-school Au...
The Letter to this article has been published in Trials 2024 25:161
The Commentary to this article has been published in Trials 2023 24:495
Minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy (MIPD) aims to reduce the negative impact of surgery as compared to open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD) and is increasingly becoming part of clinical practice for selected...
Hormone receptor-positive (HR +) breast cancer is the most common type of breast cancer in the USA but has excellent long-term outcomes in recent decades, in part due to effective oral endocrine therapy (ET). ...
Preventing foot ulcers in people with diabetes can increase quality of life and reduce costs. Despite the availability of various interventions to prevent foot ulcers, recurrence rates remain high. We hypothes...
The negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on public health have affected people socially, psychologically, and physically. Young people particularly are having to adjust many aspects of their personal live...
The use of decentralised clinical trials (which bring trials to patients through remote processes and technology versus central on-site visits) has been thought to be a potential solution to common recruitment...
As a result of increased life expectancy and improved care for patients suffering from chronic disease, the number of patients with multimorbidity requiring surgical intervention is increasing. For complex sur...
Fluid loading-based goal-directed therapy is a cornerstone of anaesthesia management in major surgery. Its widespread application has contributed to a significant improvement in perioperative morbidity and mor...
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