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Endometriosis affects 190 million women and those assigned female at birth worldwide. For some, it is associated with debilitating chronic pelvic pain. Diagnosis of endometriosis is often achieved through diag...
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for depression. Self-directed online CBT interventions have made CBT more accessible at a lower cost. However, adherence is often poor and, in the ...
Anxiety is commonly experienced by people living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Whilst there is strong evidence for late-life anxiety treatment using cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and...
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a fatal disease due to the tendency to rupture. The drug treatment for small AAA without surgical indications has been controversial. Previous studies showed that high-sensit...
The prevalence of post-surgical lumbar neuropathic radiculopathy is approximately 30%. Poor response to the recommended treatments for neuropathic pain, namely antidepressants and/or gabapentinoids, requires t...
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a neurological emergency, affecting a younger population than individuals experiencing an ischemic stroke; aSAH is associated with a high risk of mortality and perm...
Critically ill patients are subject to severe skeletal muscle wasting during intensive care unit (ICU) stay, resulting in impaired short- and long-term functional outcomes and health-related quality of life. I...
Different dietary protein sources are supposed to have various effects on metabolic responses and arterial stiffness in the postprandial period. This study aims to assess the postprandial effects of dietary pr...
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an irreversible blinding eye condition with complex genetic and environmental etiologies. Genetic testing for AMD for previously identified multiple-risk single nucleo...
New treatment strategies are required against infections caused by Helicobacter pylori, which grows increasingly resistant to antibiotics. Polymerase chain reaction-based methods for antibiotic susceptibility tes...
After esophagectomy for esophageal and esophagogastric cancer, more than half of patients have lost > 10% of their body weight at 12 months. In most cases, the gastric remnant is used for reconstruction after ...
Low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) is an emerging therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although its effect on glucose control has been confirmed in previous clinical trials, most of those studies have focused...
First-line rehabilitative strategies to improve motor deficits are based on functional training (physical or occupational therapy), which has been demonstrated to facilitate neural reorganisation. Accumulating...
Cervical hybrid surgery (HS) combines anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) to establish an individualized surgical plan for patients with multiple cervical disc d...
Platform trials gained popularity during the last few years as they increase flexibility compared to multi-arm trials by allowing new experimental arms entering when the trial already started. Using a shared c...
Patients with active nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) usually require urgent endoscopic treatment. Standard therapy (ST) using haemoclip + / − epinephrine injection is not always successful...
The rate of open tibia fractures is rapidly increasing across the globe due to a recent rise in road traffic accidents, predominantly in low- and low-middle-income countries. These injuries are orthopedic emer...
Because of high demand on hospital beds, hospitals seek to reduce patients’ length of stay (LOS) while preserving the quality of care. In addition to usual intermittent vital sign monitoring, continuous monito...
Ventilated infants frequently require supplemental oxygen, but its use should be monitored carefully due to associated complications. The achievement of oxygen saturation (SpO2) targets can be challenging as neon...
The factors which influence participant retention in paediatric randomised controlled trials are under-researched. Retention may be more challenging due to child developmental stages, involving additional part...
The majority of patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome presenting to the emergency department will be discharged once myocardial infarction has been ruled out, although a proportion will have unrecogn...
The decline in skeletal muscle mass experienced following a short-term period (days to weeks) of muscle disuse is mediated by impaired rates of muscle protein synthesis (MPS). Previous RCTs of exercise or nutr...
As cancer therapies increase in their complexity, effective communication among patients, physicians, and research staff is critical for optimal clinical trial management. Currently, we understand little about...
The original article was published in Trials 2023 24:174
The global prevalence of chronic hepatitis B is more than 300 million people, and in Denmark, 17,000 people are estimated to have chronic hepatitis B. Untreated, chronic hepatitis B can lead to the development...
For patients with low- and intermediate-risk stage II/III rectal cancer, current studies have reached a consensus that preoperative radiotherapy may be dispensed with, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) alone ...
Nearly 234 million patients undergo surgery each year, and 1.3 million among them develop complications. Patients undergoing major upper abdominal surgery (operation time > 2 h) have a really high incidence of...
Neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury (SCI), both traumatic and non-traumatic, is refractory to various treatments. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is one of the neuromodulation therapies for neuropathic pai...
The Achilles tendon is the largest and strongest tendon in the human body. Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a common clinical problem with Achilles overuse. Eccentric exercise is often used as an initial treatmen...
People with mental disorders face frequent stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors from others. Importantly, they can internalize such negative attitudes and thus self-stigmatize. Self-stigma is involved in dimin...
Dexmedetomidine, a potent and highly selective α2-adrenoreceptor agonist has become a popular adjuvant to local anesthetics. The study was designed to explore the effect of dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine...
The use of invasive placebo controls in surgical trials can be challenging. The ASPIRE guidance, published in the Lancet in 2020, provided advice for the design and conduct of surgical trials with an invasive ...
Increased uptake of sodium is a major cause for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Reduction of daily salt intake below a reference level of 2 g per day (the equivalent to 5 g salt/day) is known to effectiv...
Viral pneumonia has always been a problem faced by clinicians because of its insidious onset, strong infectivity, and lack of effective drugs. Patients with advanced age or underlying diseases may experience m...
Treatment of pediatric cataract remains challenging because of the extremely high incidence of postoperative adverse events (AEs), especially the AEs related to the locations of secondary implanted intraocular...
This protocol describes the design of a multicenter randomized controlled trial of robot-assisted stereotactic lesioning versus epileptogenic foci resection. Typical causes of focal epilepsy include hippocampa...
Dexmedetomidine could provide some advantages to prevent postoperative complications in elderly patients undergoing under general anaesthesia. However, dexmedetomidine inhibits haemodynamics to some extent due...
Current debates in Global Health call for expanding methodologies to allow typically silenced voices to contribute to processes of knowledge production and intervention design. Within trial research, this has ...
Muscle stretching exercises preserve corporal flexibility and decrease the retraction and shortening of myofascial and articular structures. These exercises are recommended for the treatment of fibromyalgia (F...
Cognitive impairment is a common medical issue in rat sarcoma (RAS) pathway disorders, so-called RASopathies, like Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) or Noonan syndrome (NS). It is presumed to be caused by impaire...
Linezolid is an effective, but toxic anti-tuberculosis drug that is currently recommended for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Improved oxazolidinones should have a better safety profile, while pr...
Sedentary behavior (SB) has been linked to several negative health outcomes. Therefore, reducing SB or breaking up prolonged periods of SB improves functional fitness, food consumption, job satisfaction, and p...
Adjustment for prognostic covariates increases the statistical power of randomized trials. The factors influencing the increase of power are well-known for trials with continuous outcomes. Here, we study which...
Given the scarce donor supply, an increasing number of so-called marginal or extended criteria donor (ECD) organs are used for liver transplantation. These ECD liver grafts are however known to be associated w...
The Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2023 24:530
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a disease caused by the accumulation of the amyloid-beta protein and is a major cause of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and vascular dementia in the elderly. The presence o...
The use of preventive behaviors of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) requires proper training, which leads to correct decisions regarding maintaining postures at work and performing stretching exercises. Due to...
Obesity represents a growing threat to health with multiple negative impacts including urinary incontinence. Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is the first line of treatment for urinary incontinence. Both su...
Steroid injection after percutaneous irrigation of calcific deposits is a common method for the treatment of rotator cuff calcific tendinitis (RCCT). However, steroids may prevent calcification resorption and ...
Haemorrhoidal disease (HD) is a common condition with significant epidemiologic and economic implications. While it is possible to treat symptomatic grade 1–2 haemorrhoids with rubber band ligation (RBL) or sc...
Rank preserving structural failure time (RPSFT) is a statistical method to correct or adjust for crossover in clinical trials, by estimating the counterfactual effect on overall survival (OS) when control arm ...
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