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  1. Endometriosis affects 190 million women and those assigned female at birth worldwide. For some, it is associated with debilitating chronic pelvic pain. Diagnosis of endometriosis is often achieved through diag...

    Authors: Scott C. Mackenzie, Jacqueline Stephen, Linda Williams, Jane Daniels, John Norrie, Christian M. Becker, Dominic Byrne, Ying Cheong, T. Justin Clark, Kevin G. Cooper, Emma Cox, Ann M. Doust, Priscilla Fernandez, Jeremy Hawe, Tom Holland, Lone Hummelshoj…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:425
  2. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for depression. Self-directed online CBT interventions have made CBT more accessible at a lower cost. However, adherence is often poor and, in the ...

    Authors: Debbie Tallon, Laura Thomas, Sally Brabyn, Brian Chi Fung Ching, Jane Sungmin Hahn, Berry Jude, Mekeda X Logan, Alex Burrage, Fiona Fox, Simon Gilbody, Paul Lanham, Glyn Lewis, Jinshuo Li, Stephanie J. MacNeill, Irwin Nazareth, Steve Parrott…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:421
  3. Anxiety is commonly experienced by people living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Whilst there is strong evidence for late-life anxiety treatment using cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and...

    Authors: Nadeeka Dissanayaka, Deborah Brooks, Peter Worthy, Leander Mitchell, Nancy A. Pachana, Gerard Byrne, Syed Afroz Keramat, Tracy Comans, Sally Bennett, Jacki Liddle, Mark D. Chatfield, Annette Broome, Joanne Oram, Kanaganayagam Appadurai, Elizabeth Beattie, Tiffany Au…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:420
  4. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a fatal disease due to the tendency to rupture. The drug treatment for small AAA without surgical indications has been controversial. Previous studies showed that high-sensit...

    Authors: Jingyuan Li, Sicong Ma, Xiu Jia, Yingzhen Bu, Tienan Zhou, Lei Zhang, Miaohan Qiu and Xiaozeng Wang
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:419
  5. The prevalence of post-surgical lumbar neuropathic radiculopathy is approximately 30%. Poor response to the recommended treatments for neuropathic pain, namely antidepressants and/or gabapentinoids, requires t...

    Authors: Julien Todeschi, Guillaume Dannhoff, Andres Hugo Coca, Daniel Ionut Timbolschi, François Proust, François Lefebvre, Vincent Lelievre, Pierrick Poisbeau, Laurent Vallat, Eric Salvat and Yohann Bohren
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:418
  6. Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a neurological emergency, affecting a younger population than individuals experiencing an ischemic stroke; aSAH is associated with a high risk of mortality and perm...

    Authors: Mikael Laaksonen, Jaakko Rinne, Melissa Rahi, Jussi P. Posti, Ruut Laitio, Juri Kivelev, Ilkka Saarenpää, Dan Laukka, Juhana Frösen, Antti Ronkainen, Stepani Bendel, Jaakko Långsjö, Marika Ala-Peijari, Jani Saunavaara, Riitta Parkkola, Mikko Nyman…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:417
  7. Critically ill patients are subject to severe skeletal muscle wasting during intensive care unit (ICU) stay, resulting in impaired short- and long-term functional outcomes and health-related quality of life. I...

    Authors: Rob J. J. van Gassel, Julia L. M. Bels, Katrien Tartaglia, Bas C. T. van Bussel, Sander M. J. van Kuijk, Adam M. Deane, Zudin Puthucheary, Peter J. M. Weijs, Lilian Vloet, Bert Beishuizen, Ashley De Bie Dekker, Vincent Fraipont, Stoffel Lamote, Didier Ledoux, Clarissa Scheeren, Elisabeth De Waele…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:416
  8. Different dietary protein sources are supposed to have various effects on metabolic responses and arterial stiffness in the postprandial period. This study aims to assess the postprandial effects of dietary pr...

    Authors: Zahra Dehnavi, Ali Jafarzadeh Esfehani, Omolbanin Hajhoseini, Hanieh Barghchi, Aliyeh Ghannadzadeh Yazdi, Zahra Khorasanchi, Mahdi Shadnoush, Reza Rezvani, Habibollah Esmaily and Mohammad Safarian
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:415
  9. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an irreversible blinding eye condition with complex genetic and environmental etiologies. Genetic testing for AMD for previously identified multiple-risk single nucleo...

    Authors: Emmanuel K. Addo, M. Elizabeth Hartnett and Paul S. Bernstein
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:414
  10. New treatment strategies are required against infections caused by Helicobacter pylori, which grows increasingly resistant to antibiotics. Polymerase chain reaction-based methods for antibiotic susceptibility tes...

    Authors: Kemei Lu, Cuicui Lang, Xuefei Zou, Lina Zang, WeiWei Sang, Qian Feng, Ying Mu, Lifeng Liu, Chunhong Xu and Jingrun Zhao
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:413
  11. After esophagectomy for esophageal and esophagogastric cancer, more than half of patients have lost > 10% of their body weight at 12 months. In most cases, the gastric remnant is used for reconstruction after ...

    Authors: Naoya Okada, Yoshihiro Kinoshita, Shoji Nishihara, Takuma Kurotaki, Aya Sato, Kotaro Kimura, Hiroki Kushiya, Kazufumi Umemoto, Shotaro Furukawa, Takumi Yamabuki, Minoru Takada, Kentaro Kato, Yoshiyasu Ambo and Fumitaka Nakamura
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:412
  12. Low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) is an emerging therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although its effect on glucose control has been confirmed in previous clinical trials, most of those studies have focused...

    Authors: Xinyi Xia, Miao Xu, Yunjie Gu, Yangxue Li, Li Li and Jun Yin
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:411
  13. First-line rehabilitative strategies to improve motor deficits are based on functional training (physical or occupational therapy), which has been demonstrated to facilitate neural reorganisation. Accumulating...

    Authors: Zhao-hui Jin, Yi-xuan Wang, De-tao Meng, Yi Qin, Yi-nan Duan, Jin-ping Fang, Rui-dan Wang, Yan-jun Liu, Cui Liu, Ping Wang, Hong-jiao Yan, Yi Zhen, Xia An, Ke-ke Chen, Xin Yu, Diyang Lyu…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:410
  14. Cervical hybrid surgery (HS) combines anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) to establish an individualized surgical plan for patients with multiple cervical disc d...

    Authors: Junbo He, Qingyu Liu, Zijiao Yang, Hao Liu, Tingkui Wu, Chen Ding, Kangkang Huang and Beiyu Wang
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:409
  15. Platform trials gained popularity during the last few years as they increase flexibility compared to multi-arm trials by allowing new experimental arms entering when the trial already started. Using a shared c...

    Authors: Marta Bofill Roig, Cora Burgwinkel, Ursula Garczarek, Franz Koenig, Martin Posch, Quynh Nguyen and Katharina Hees
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:408
  16. Patients with active nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) usually require urgent endoscopic treatment. Standard therapy (ST) using haemoclip + / − epinephrine injection is not always successful...

    Authors: Daniel Schmitz, Lucas Thielemann and Felix Grassmann
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:407
  17. The rate of open tibia fractures is rapidly increasing across the globe due to a recent rise in road traffic accidents, predominantly in low- and low-middle-income countries. These injuries are orthopedic emer...

    Authors: Billy T. Haonga, Jamieson M. O’Marr, Patrick Ngunyale, Joshua Ngahyoma, Justin Kessey, Ibrahim Sasillo, Patricia Rodarte, Tigist Belaye, Eleni Berhaneselase, Edmund Eliezer, Travis C. Porco, Saam Morshed and David W. Shearer
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:406
  18. Because of high demand on hospital beds, hospitals seek to reduce patients’ length of stay (LOS) while preserving the quality of care. In addition to usual intermittent vital sign monitoring, continuous monito...

    Authors: Sjoerd H. Garssen, Niels Kant, Carlijn A. Vernooij, Gert-Jan Mauritz, Mark V. Koning, Frank H. Bosch and Carine J. M. Doggen
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:405
  19. Ventilated infants frequently require supplemental oxygen, but its use should be monitored carefully due to associated complications. The achievement of oxygen saturation (SpO2) targets can be challenging as neon...

    Authors: Ourania Kaltsogianni, Theodore Dassios, Allan Jenkinson and Anne Greenough
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:404
  20. The factors which influence participant retention in paediatric randomised controlled trials are under-researched. Retention may be more challenging due to child developmental stages, involving additional part...

    Authors: Daisy M. Gaunt, Cat Papastavrou Brooks, Hugo Pedder, Esther Crawley, Jeremy Horwood and Chris Metcalfe
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:403
  21. The majority of patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome presenting to the emergency department will be discharged once myocardial infarction has been ruled out, although a proportion will have unrecogn...

    Authors: Kuan Ken Lee, David Lowe, Rachel O’Brien, Ryan Wereski, Anda Bularga, Caelan Taggart, Matthew T. H. Lowry, Amy V. Ferry, Michelle C. Williams, Giles Roditi, John Byrne, Chris Tuck, Denise Cranley, Praveen Thokala, Steve Goodacre, Catriona Keerie…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:402
  22. The decline in skeletal muscle mass experienced following a short-term period (days to weeks) of muscle disuse is mediated by impaired rates of muscle protein synthesis (MPS). Previous RCTs of exercise or nutr...

    Authors: Alix Hughes, Thomas Francis, Lindsey Marjoram, Jessica H. Rooney, Georgina Ellison-Hughes, Ross Pollock, Michael J. Curtis, Angela Cape, Mads Larsen, Bethan E. Phillips, Philip J. Atherton, Kenneth Smith and Oliver C. Witard
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:401
  23. As cancer therapies increase in their complexity, effective communication among patients, physicians, and research staff is critical for optimal clinical trial management. Currently, we understand little about...

    Authors: Rowan Forbes Shepherd, Ashleigh Bradford, Marian Lieschke, Kylie Shackleton and Amelia Hyatt
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:400
  24. The global prevalence of chronic hepatitis B is more than 300 million people, and in Denmark, 17,000 people are estimated to have chronic hepatitis B. Untreated, chronic hepatitis B can lead to the development...

    Authors: Sofie Jespersen, Peter Plomgaard, Sten Madsbad, Adam Espe Hansen, Thomas Bandholm, Bente Klarlund Pedersen, Christian Ritz, Nina Weis and Rikke Krogh-Madsen
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:398
  25. For patients with low- and intermediate-risk stage II/III rectal cancer, current studies have reached a consensus that preoperative radiotherapy may be dispensed with, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) alone ...

    Authors: Yu Shen, Wanyue Shi, Cui Huang, Xiaoling Gong, Mingtian Wei, Wenjian Meng, Xiangbing Deng and Ziqiang Wang
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:397
  26. Nearly 234 million patients undergo surgery each year, and 1.3 million among them develop complications. Patients undergoing major upper abdominal surgery (operation time > 2 h) have a really high incidence of...

    Authors: Biao Jin, Mengjing Yao, Wenjuan Shen, Le Fu, Ping Liu, Xu Zheng, Tiexiang Zhan and Liang Luo
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:396
  27. Neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury (SCI), both traumatic and non-traumatic, is refractory to various treatments. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is one of the neuromodulation therapies for neuropathic pai...

    Authors: Takafumi Tanei, Satoshi Maesawa, Yusuke Nishimura, Yoshitaka Nagashima, Tomotaka Ishizaki, Masahiko Ando, Yachiyo Kuwatsuka, Atsushi Hashizume, Shimon Kurasawa and Ryuta Saito
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:395
  28. The Achilles tendon is the largest and strongest tendon in the human body. Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a common clinical problem with Achilles overuse. Eccentric exercise is often used as an initial treatmen...

    Authors: Violet Man-Chi Ko, Xin He, Sai-Chuen Fu, Patrick Shu-Hang Yung and Samuel Ka-Kin Ling
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:394
  29. People with mental disorders face frequent stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors from others. Importantly, they can internalize such negative attitudes and thus self-stigmatize. Self-stigma is involved in dimin...

    Authors: M. Riebel, O. Rohmer, E. Charles, F. Lefebvre, S. Weibel and L. Weiner
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:393
  30. Dexmedetomidine, a potent and highly selective α2-adrenoreceptor agonist has become a popular adjuvant to local anesthetics. The study was designed to explore the effect of dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine...

    Authors: Hengfei Luan, Conghui Hao, Han Li, Xiaobao Zhang, Zhibin Zhao and Pin Zhu
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:392
  31. The use of invasive placebo controls in surgical trials can be challenging. The ASPIRE guidance, published in the Lancet in 2020, provided advice for the design and conduct of surgical trials with an invasive ...

    Authors: Marion K. Campbell, David J. Beard, Jane M. Blazeby and Sian Cousins
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:391
  32. Increased uptake of sodium is a major cause for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Reduction of daily salt intake below a reference level of 2 g per day (the equivalent to 5 g salt/day) is known to effectiv...

    Authors: A Supady, K Nguyen, M Abd El Aziz, C Überreiter, T Bärnighausen and M Adam
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:390
  33. Viral pneumonia has always been a problem faced by clinicians because of its insidious onset, strong infectivity, and lack of effective drugs. Patients with advanced age or underlying diseases may experience m...

    Authors: Xiao Li, Wen Li, Lianjie Sun, Junyi Ren, Ying Xu, Yuanyi Zheng and Wenkun Bai
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:389
  34. Treatment of pediatric cataract remains challenging because of the extremely high incidence of postoperative adverse events (AEs), especially the AEs related to the locations of secondary implanted intraocular...

    Authors: Yingshi Zou, Ling Jin, Bo Qu, Hui Chen, Mingbing Zeng, Xia Li, Xinhua Liu, Lixia Luo, Zhenzhen Liu and Yizhi Liu
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:388
  35. This protocol describes the design of a multicenter randomized controlled trial of robot-assisted stereotactic lesioning versus epileptogenic foci resection. Typical causes of focal epilepsy include hippocampa...

    Authors: Mingkun Gong, Ke Xu, Yongzhi Shan, Yihe Wang, Chao Zhang, Xiongfei Wang, Jian Zhou, Yuguang Guan, Tianfu Li and Guoming Luan
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:387
  36. Dexmedetomidine could provide some advantages to prevent postoperative complications in elderly patients undergoing under general anaesthesia. However, dexmedetomidine inhibits haemodynamics to some extent due...

    Authors: Haitong Liu, Mingjie Gao, Yongfeng Zheng, Caixia Sun, Qinyuan Lu and Donghua Shao
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:386
  37. Current debates in Global Health call for expanding methodologies to allow typically silenced voices to contribute to processes of knowledge production and intervention design. Within trial research, this has ...

    Authors: Rochelle A. Burgess, Funmilayo Shittu, Agnese Iuliano, Ibrahim Haruna, Paula Valentine, Ayobami Adebayo Bakare, Tim Colbourn, Hamish R. Graham, Eric D. McCollum, Adegoke G. Falade and Carina King
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:385
  38. Muscle stretching exercises preserve corporal flexibility and decrease the retraction and shortening of myofascial and articular structures. These exercises are recommended for the treatment of fibromyalgia (F...

    Authors: Luciana Akemi Matsutani, Adriana de Sousa do Espírito Santo, Marina Ciscato, Susan Lee King Yuan and Amelia Pasqual Marques
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:384
  39. Cognitive impairment is a common medical issue in rat sarcoma (RAS) pathway disorders, so-called RASopathies, like Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) or Noonan syndrome (NS). It is presumed to be caused by impaire...

    Authors: Nikolai H. Jung, Silvia Egert-Schwender, Beate Schossow, Victoria Kehl, Ute Wahlländer, Louisa Brich, Viktoria Janke, Christiane Blankenstein, Martin Zenker and Volker Mall
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:383
  40. Linezolid is an effective, but toxic anti-tuberculosis drug that is currently recommended for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Improved oxazolidinones should have a better safety profile, while pr...

    Authors: A Dierig, M Hoelscher, S Schultz, L Hoffmann, A Jarchow-MacDonald, EM Svensson, L Te Brake, R Aarnoutse, M Boeree, TD McHugh, LM Wildner, X Gong, PPJ Phillips, LT Minja, N Ntinginya, S Mpagama…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:382
  41. Sedentary behavior (SB) has been linked to several negative health outcomes. Therefore, reducing SB or breaking up prolonged periods of SB improves functional fitness, food consumption, job satisfaction, and p...

    Authors: Pedro B. Júdice, Hélio Silva, Sabrina C. Teno, Patrícia Monteiro, Marlene N. Silva, Eliana V. Carraça, Inês Santos, Sara Pereira, Filipe Luz, Patrícia C. Viegas, Jorge Oliveira, Isabel F. Santos and António L. Palmeira
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:381
  42. Adjustment for prognostic covariates increases the statistical power of randomized trials. The factors influencing the increase of power are well-known for trials with continuous outcomes. Here, we study which...

    Authors: Raphaëlle Momal, Honghao Li, Paul Trichelair, Michael G. B. Blum and Félix Balazard
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:380
  43. Given the scarce donor supply, an increasing number of so-called marginal or extended criteria donor (ECD) organs are used for liver transplantation. These ECD liver grafts are however known to be associated w...

    Authors: Pierre Pradat, Solene Pantel, Marianne Maynard, Laure Lalande, Sylvie Thevenon, Rene Adam, Marc-Antoine Allard, Fabien Robin, Michel Rayar, Emmanuel Boleslawski, Olivier Scatton, Mircea Chirica, François Faitot, Philippe Bachellier, Olivier Soubrane, Kayvan Mohkam…
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:379

    The Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2023 24:530

  44. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a disease caused by the accumulation of the amyloid-beta protein and is a major cause of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and vascular dementia in the elderly. The presence o...

    Authors: S. Voigt, E. A. Koemans, I. Rasing, E. S. van Etten, G. M. Terwindt, F. Baas, K. Kaushik, A. C. G. M. van Es, M. A. van Buchem, M. J. P. van Osch, M. A. A. van Walderveen, C. J. M. Klijn, M. M. Verbeek, L. van der Weerd and M. J. H. Wermer
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:378
  45. The use of preventive behaviors of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) requires proper training, which leads to correct decisions regarding maintaining postures at work and performing stretching exercises. Due to...

    Authors: Zakieh Sadat Hosseini, Sedigheh Sadat Tavafian, Omran Ahmadi and Reza Maghbouli
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:377
  46. Obesity represents a growing threat to health with multiple negative impacts including urinary incontinence. Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is the first line of treatment for urinary incontinence. Both su...

    Authors: Pauliana C. S. Mendes, Tatiana B. Fretta, Milena F. C. Camargo, Patricia Driusso and Cristine Homsi Jorge
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:376
  47. Steroid injection after percutaneous irrigation of calcific deposits is a common method for the treatment of rotator cuff calcific tendinitis (RCCT). However, steroids may prevent calcification resorption and ...

    Authors: Jing Dong, Lan Zhang, Haibin Jia, Yuanjiang Zhu, Rui Xiang and Peiyu Li
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:375
  48. Haemorrhoidal disease (HD) is a common condition with significant epidemiologic and economic implications. While it is possible to treat symptomatic grade 1–2 haemorrhoids with rubber band ligation (RBL) or sc...

    Authors: J. Y. van Oostendorp, T. C. Sluckin, I. J. M. Han-Geurts, S. van Dieren and R. Schouten
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:374
  49. Rank preserving structural failure time (RPSFT) is a statistical method to correct or adjust for crossover in clinical trials, by estimating the counterfactual effect on overall survival (OS) when control arm ...

    Authors: Vinay Prasad, Myung Sun Kim and Alyson Haslam
    Citation: Trials 2023 24:373

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