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  1. Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) have contributed to the reduction of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa, including Tanzania. However, they rely on daily user behaviour and high coverage which is difficult to...

    Authors: Olukayode G. Odufuwa, Sarah Jane Moore, Zawadi Mageni Mboma, Emmanuel Mbuba, Joseph Barnabas Muganga, Jason Moore, Rose Philipo, Mohammed Ally Rashid, Rune Bosselmann, Ole Skovmand and John Bradley
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:578
  2. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) is recommended by some scholars as an optimized respiratory support method for blunt chest trauma (BCT) patients. The basis of this recommendation is limited, howe...

    Authors: Qingcheng Zhu, Bingxia Wang, Yujie Li, Bingyu Ling, Jun Xu, Kui Jin, Ming Sun, Jianjun Zhu, Joseph Walline, Yunyun Wang, Peng Cao, Xiaojuan Guo and Dingyu Tan
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:570
  3. Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is recommended in secondary prevention after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), but it is inevitably associated with the risk of bleeding, of which gastrointestinal bleedi...

    Authors: Yunpeng Zhu, Xiaojin Wang, Yi Yang, Lei Liu, Qiang Zhao and Lifen Yu
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:569
  4. Fatigue is the most frequent and burdensome symptom of patients with diffuse glioma. It is closely linked to decreased health-related quality of life and symptoms such as depression and sleep disturbances. Cur...

    Authors: Jantine Geertruida Röttgering, Linda Douw, Philip C. de Witt Hamer, Mathilde C. M. Kouwenhoven, Tom Würdinger, Peter M. van de Ven, Louise Sharpe, Hans Knoop and Martin Klein
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:568
  5. An incision for total hip arthroplasty (THA) via the direct anterior approach (DAA) is generally made outside of the space between the sartorius and tensor fasciae latae muscles to prevent lateral femoral cuta...

    Authors: Hiroki Tanabe, Tomonori Baba, Yu Ozaki, Naotake Yanagisawa, Sammy Banno, Taiji Watari, Yasuhiro Homma, Masashi Nagao, Kazuo Kaneko and Muneaki Ishijima
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:567
  6. Combining robotic therapy (RT) with task-oriented therapy is an emerging strategy to facilitate motor relearning in stroke rehabilitation. This study protocol will compare novel rehabilitation regimens that us...

    Authors: Yi-chen Lee, Yi-chun Li, Keh-chung Lin, Grace Yao, Ya-ju Chang, Ya-yun Lee, Chien-ting Liu, Wan-ling Hsu, Yi-hsuan Wu, Ho-ta Chu, Ting-xuan Liu, Yi-ping Yeh and Chieh Chang
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:566
  7. Paediatric fractures are highly prevalent and are most often treated with plaster. The removal of plaster is often an anxious experience for children. Virtual reality (VR) has proven to effectively distract ch...

    Authors: Lisa van der Water, Max A. Poppelaars, Iris Koenraadt-van Oost, Pieter Boele van Hensbroek and Christiaan J. A. van Bergen
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:565
  8. Anovulation is one of the main causes of female infertility. This study will evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Bushen Culuan Decoction for anovulatory infertility caused by six diseases, including anovu...

    Authors: Kun Ma, Yun Shi, Junqin He, Xiuxiang Teng, Rongyu Wang, Guohua Wang, Yanan Yu, Yanxia Chen, Linjuan Gong, Yuan Yuan, Huixian Zhang, Bochao Yuan and Chenhui Zhang
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:563
  9. Breast cancer is the leading cancer in women in France both in incidence and mortality. Organized breast cancer screening (OBCS) has been implemented nationwide since 2004, but the participation rate remains l...

    Authors: Elodie Guillaume, Quentin Rollet, Ludivine Launay, Séverine Beuriot, Olivier Dejardin, Annick Notari, Elodie Crevel, Ahmed Benhammouda, Laurent Verzaux, Marie-Christine Quertier and Guy Launoy
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:562
  10. To improve interprofessional collaboration between registered nurses (RNs) and general practitioners (GPs) for nursing home residents (NHRs), the interprof ACT intervention package was developed. This complex int...

    Authors: Linda Steyer, Christian Kortkamp, Christiane Müller, Britta Tetzlaff, Nina Fleischmann, Clarissa E. Weber, Martin Scherer, Anja Kühn, Anne-Marei Jarchow, Frederike Lüth, Sascha Köpke, Tim Friede, Hans-Helmut König, Eva Hummers, Indre Maurer and Katrin Balzer
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:561
  11. The generalizability of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a low response can be limited by systematic differences between participants and nonparticipants. This participation bias, however, is rarely in...

    Authors: Jonas Czwikla, Alexandra Herzberg, Sonja Kapp, Stephan Kloep, Heinz Rothgang, Ina Nitschke, Cornelius Haffner and Falk Hoffmann
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:560
  12. Buruli ulcer (BU) is a neglected tropical disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans that affects skin, soft tissues, and bones, causing long-term morbidity, stigma, and disability. The recommended treatment for BU...

    Authors: Roch Christian Johnson, Emma Sáez-López, Esaï Sèdjro Anagonou, Godwin Gérard Kpoton, Adjimon Gilbert Ayelo, Ronald Sètondji Gnimavo, Franck Zinsou Mignanwande, Jean-Gabin Houezo, Ghislain Emmanuel Sopoh, Juliet Addo, Lindsay Orford, Georgios Vlasakakis, Nandita Biswas, Felix Calderon, Oscar Della Pasqua, Anna Gine-March…
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:559
  13. Minimally invasive dentistry is a highly convenient and efficient method of managing caries in pediatric patients. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is commonly used to arrest active caries lesions. However, the a...

    Authors: Nour Ammar, Magda M. El-Tekeya, Sara Essa, Marwa M. Essawy, Samar N. El Achy and Dalia M. Talaat
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:558
  14. Lingual microcystic lymphatic malformations (LMLMs) are rare congenital vascular malformations presenting as clusters of cysts filled with lymph fluid or blood. Even small well-limited lesions can be responsib...

    Authors: A. Marchand, A. Caille, V. Gissot, B. Giraudeau, C. Lengelle, H. Bourgoin, B. Largeau, S. Leducq and A. Maruani
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:557
  15. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in women, which is threatening female reproductive tract health. Chemotherapy can be used for neoadjuvant therapy of locally advanced cervical cancer and po...

    Authors: Ze Yang He, Hai Ying Li, Jiao Yan, Si Jin Li, Dao Cheng Li and Zhong Zhe Liang
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:556
  16. Both massage and topically administered NSAIDs are safe and effective treatments for knee osteoarthritis (KOA); however, different massage technique sects in China caused assessment difficulties for the treatm...

    Authors: Wang Wen-yue, Xu Ying-peng, Ding Quan-mao, Xie Li-min, Wang De-zhi, Bai Yang, Wang Li-su, Li Yu-bin, Niu Zhi-jun, Ma Yan-xu, Chen Wu-zhong, Bai Li-qun, Liu Yang and Jin Li-kun
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:555
  17. Social competence training interventions, especially child-focused ones, have proven to be effective in the treatment of children with conduct disorder. Therapy homework assignments implemented between the the...

    Authors: Anja Görtz-Dorten, Marlin Frank, Anja Fessel, Leonie Hofmann and Manfred Döpfner
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:554
  18. The global increase in total hip or knee arthroplasty has led to concern about the provision of postoperative rehabilitation. Telerehabilitation may be a strategy to meet the patients’ requirements for rehabil...

    Authors: Qingling Wang, Sharyn Hunter, Regina Lai-Tong Lee, Xiaofeng Wang and Sally Wai-Chi Chan
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:553
  19. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional bowel disorder that has a considerable impact on patient quality of life and substantial societal and health care resource costs. Current treatments are of...

    Authors: Sarah L. Alderson, Alexandra Wright-Hughes, Alexander C. Ford, Amanda Farrin, Suzanne Hartley, Catherine Fernandez, Christopher Taylor, Pei Loo Ow, Emma Teasdale, Daniel Howdon, Elspeth Guthrie, Robbie Foy, Matthew J. Ridd, Felicity L. Bishop, Delia Muir, Matthew Chaddock…
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:552
  20. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases in the world. There is strong evidence that dyslipidemia and other cardio-metabolic disorders are highly prevalent in patients...

    Authors: Hamid Vahedi, Masoumeh Atefi, Mohammad Hassan Entezari and Akbar Hassanzadeh
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:551
  21. Authors: Salum Mshamu, Arnold Mmbando, Judith Meta, John Bradley, Thomas Chevalier Bøjstrup, Nicholas P. J. Day, Mavuto Mukaka, Fredros Okumu, Ally Olotu, Christopher Pell, Jacqueline Deen, Jakob Knudsen, Steven W. Lindsay and Lorenz von Seidlein
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:550

    The original article was published in Trials 2022 23:519

  22. Authors: Paolo Mendogni, Alessandra Mazzucco, Alessandro Palleschi, Lorenzo Rosso, Ilaria Righi, Rosaria Carrinola, Francesco Damarco, Emilia Privitera, Jacopo Fumagalli, Gianluca Bonitta, Mario Nosotti and Davide Tosi
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:549

    The original article was published in Trials 2021 22:163

  23. Cancer pain is one of the most frequent and relevant symptoms in cancer patients and impacts on patient’s quality of life. International and local standards recommend as an initial strategy the use of an analg...

    Authors: Ofelia Leiva, Joel Castellano, Luz M. Letelier, Luis Rojas, Paola Viviani, Antonio Gonzalez and Pedro Perez-Cruz
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:548
  24. Authors: Joanna M. Nemis-White, Laura M. Hamilton, Sarah Shaw, James H. MacKillop, Ratika Parkash, Shurjeel H. Choudhri, Antonio Ciaccia, Feng Xie, Lehana Thabane and Jafna L. Cox
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:547

    The original article was published in Trials 2021 22:531

  25. Authors: Pepa Bruce, Kate Ainscough, Lee Hatter, Irene Braithwaite, Lindsay R. Berry, Mark Fitzgerald, Thomas Hills, Kathy Brickell, David Cosgrave, Alex Semprini, Susan Morpeth, Scott Berry, Peter Doran, Paul Young, Richard Beasley and Alistair Nichol
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:546

    The original article was published in Trials 2022 23:534

  26. Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disease that often takes a chronic course due to insufficient treatment options. Emerging evidence on the gut-brain axis offers the opportunity to find innovative ...

    Authors: Lara Keller, Astrid Dempfle, Brigitte Dahmen, Samira Schreiber, Roger A. H. Adan, Nadia Andrea Andreani, Unna N. Danner, Albrecht Eisert, Sergueï Fetissov, Florian Ph. S. Fischmeister, Andreas Karwautz, Kerstin Konrad, Karlijn L. Kooij, Stefanie Trinh, Benny van der Vijgh, Annemarie A. van Elburg…
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:545
  27. Chronic low back pain is a public health problem, and there is strong evidence that it is associated with a complex interaction of biopsychosocial factors. Cognitive functional therapy (CFT) is a promising new...

    Authors: Mariana Romano de Lira, Ney Armando de Mello Meziat-Filho, Gabriela Zuelli Martins Silva and Thaís Cristina Chaves
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:544
  28. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains a major source of mortality in China. Convincing evidence has demonstrated that the reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is correlated...

    Authors: Xu-Lin Hong, Yi Luan, Hong-Ying Liu and Wen-Bin Zhang
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:543
  29. Substance use is highly prevalent among children and adolescents in Chile, and it is known how it impacts their health and social adjustment. The call for effective prevention of substance use among children a...

    Authors: Jorge Gaete, Constanza Inzunza, Saray Ramírez, Daniela Valenzuela, Cristian Rojas and Ricardo Araya
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:542
  30. Authors: Per Andrén, Lorena Fernández de la Cruz, Kayoko Isomura, Fabian Lenhard, Charlotte L. Hall, E. Bethan Davies, Tara Murphy, Chris Hollis, Filipa Sampaio, Inna Feldman, Matteo Bottai, Eva Serlachius, Erik Andersson and David Mataix-Cols
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:541

    The original article was published in Trials 2021 22:669

  31. Motor aphasia after stroke is a common and intractable complication of stroke. Acupuncture and language training may be an alternative and effective approach. However, the efficacy of acupuncture and language ...

    Authors: Shizhe Deng, Bomo Sang, Boxuan Li, Hai Lu, Lili Zhang, Guang Tian, Ting Hao, Yufeng Zhang, Lei Shi, Kaihang Sun, Te Ba, Feng Li, Ying Kong, Mengni Qin, Jianli Zhang, Xiaofeng Zhao…
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:540
  32. Cardiovascular disease in individuals with mental health conditions such as bipolar disorder is highly prevalent and often poorly managed. Individuals with bipolar disorder face significant medication adherenc...

    Authors: Jennifer B. Levin, David J. Moore, Colin Depp, Jessica L. Montoya, Farren Briggs, Mahboob Rahman, Kurt C. Stange, Douglas Einstadter, Celeste Weise, Carla Conroy, Joy Yala, Ethan Radatz and Martha Sajatovic
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:539
  33. Impairments in upper limb motor function and cognitive ability are major health problems experienced by stroke patients, necessitating the development of novel and effective treatment options in stroke care. T...

    Authors: Yana Wang, Mingzhu Ye, Yujie Tong, Li Xiong, Xuejiao Wu, Chao Geng, Wen Zhang, Ziqi Dai, Wei Tian and Jifeng Rong
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:538
  34. Randomised trials support improved decision-making through the data they collect. One important piece of data is the primary outcome — so called because it is what the investigators decide is the most importan...

    Authors: Shaun Treweek, Viviane Miyakoda, Dylan Burke and Frances Shiely
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:537
  35. Hemorrhoidectomy is associated with intense postoperative pain that requires multimodal analgesia. It includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophen, and local anesthetics to reach adequ...

    Authors: Ekaterina Kazachenko, Tatiana Garmanova, Alexander Derinov, Daniil Markaryan, Hanjoo Lee, Sabrina Magbulova and Petr Tsarkov
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:536
  36. Blinding is an established approach in clinical trials which aims to minimise the risk of performance and detection bias. There is little empirical evidence to guide UK clinical trials units (CTUs) about the p...

    Authors: Mais Iflaifel, Christopher Partlett, Jennifer Bell, Andrew Cook, Carrol Gamble, Steven Julious, Edmund Juszczak, Louise Linsell, Alan Montgomery and Kirsty Sprange
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:535
  37. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has exposed the disproportionate effects of pandemics on frontline workers and the ethical imperative to provide effective prophylaxis. We present a model for a pragmatic ra...

    Authors: Pepa Bruce, Kate Ainscough, Lee Hatter, Irene Braithwaite, Lindsay R. Berry, Mark Fitzgerald, Thomas Hills, Kathy Brickell, David Cosgrave, Alex Semprini, Susan Morpeth, Scott Berry, Peter Doran, Paul Young, Richard Beasley and Alistair Nichol
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:534

    The Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2022 23:546

  38. Family members of critically ill patients face considerable uncertainty and distress during their close others’ intensive care unit (ICU) stay. About 20–60% of family members experience adverse mental health o...

    Authors: Rahel Naef, Miodrag Filipovic, Marie-Madlen Jeitziner, Stefanie von Felten, Judith Safford, Marco Riguzzi and Michael Rufer
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:533
  39. More than a third of the 65,000 people living with kidney failure in the UK attend a dialysis unit 2–5 times a week to have their blood cleaned for 3–5 h. In haemodialysis (HD), toxins are removed by diffusion...

    Authors: Fergus J. Caskey, Sunita Procter, Stephanie J. MacNeill, Julia Wade, Jodi Taylor, Leila Rooshenas, Yumeng Liu, Ammar Annaw, Karen Alloway, Andrew Davenport, Albert Power, Ken Farrington, Sandip Mitra, David C. Wheeler, Kristian Law, Helen Lewis-White…
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:532
  40. Pneumonia is the primary cause of death among HIV-infected children in Africa, with mortality rates as high as 35–40% in infants hospitalized with severe pneumonia. Bacterial pathogens and Pneumocystis jirovecii ...

    Authors: Pablo Rojo, Cinta Moraleda, Alfredo Tagarro, Sara Domínguez-Rodríguez, Lola Madrid Castillo, Luis Manuel Prieto Tato, Aranzazu Sancho López, Lilit Manukyan, Olivier Marcy, Valeriane Leroy, Alessandra Nardone, David Burger, Quique Bassat, Matthew Bates, Raoul Moh, Pui-Ying Iroh Tam…
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:531
  41. Malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) are common. MPE causes significant breathlessness and impairs quality of life. Indwelling pleural catheters (IPC) allow ambulatory drainage and reduce hospital days and re-in...

    Authors: Deirdre B. Fitzgerald, Calvin Sidhu, Charley Budgeon, Ai Ling Tan, Catherine A. Read, Benjamin C. H. Kwan, Nicola Ann Smith, Edward T. Fysh, Sanjeevan Muruganandan, Tajalli Saghaie, Ranjan Shrestha, Arash Badiei, Phan Nguyen, Andrew Burke, John Goddard, Morgan Windsor…
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:530
  42. Inequality in health can have profound effects on a child’s opportunities later in life. To prevent these downstream effects in families at increased risk of adversity, programs are needed to provide support a...

    Authors: Maiken Pontoppidan, Mette Thorsager, Mette Friis-Hansen, Arietta Slade and Lois S. Sadler
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:529
  43. Valvular heart diseases are frequent and increasing in prevalence. Minimally invasive heart valve surgery embedded in an interdisciplinary enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program may have potential bene...

    Authors: Susanne G. R. Klotz, Gesche Ketels, Christian A. Behrendt, Hans-Helmut König, Sebastian Kohlmann, Bernd Löwe, Johannes Petersen, Sina Stock, Eik Vettorazzi, Antonia Zapf, Inke Zastrow, Christian Zöllner, Hermann Reichenspurner and Evaldas Girdauskas
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:528

    The Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2022 23:853

  44. The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the importance of health research and fostered clinical research as never before. A huge number of clinical trials for potential COVID-19 ...

    Authors: Maria Puopolo, Cristina Morciano, Maria Buoncervello, Chiara De Nuccio, Rosa Luisa Potenza, Elena Toschi and Lucia Palmisano
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:527
  45. The one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is being performed by an increasing number of bariatric centers over the world. However, the optimal length of the biliopancreatic (BP) limb remains a topic of discuss...

    Authors: Nienke Slagter, Loek J. M. de Heide, Ewoud H. Jutte, Mirjam A. Kaijser, Stefan L. Damen, André P. van Beek and Marloes Emous
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:526
  46. Infertility is a common problem globally and impaired semen quality is responsible for up to 40% of all cases. Almost all infertile couples are treated with either insemination or assisted reproductive techniq...

    Authors: Sam Kafai Yahyavi, Rune Holt, Li Juel Mortensen, Jørgen Holm Petersen, Niels Jørgensen, Anders Juul and Martin Blomberg Jensen
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:525
  47. Cannabis is the most-frequently used illicit drug in Europe. Over the last few years in Spain, treatment demand has increased, yet most cannabis users do not seek treatment despite the related problems. A web-...

    Authors: J. I. Mestre-Pintó, F. Fonseca, M. P. Schaub, C. Baumgartner, M. Alias-Ferri and M. Torrens
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:524
  48. Various priming techniques to enhance neuroplasticity have been examined in stroke rehabilitation research. Most priming techniques are costly and approved only for research. Here, we describe a priming techni...

    Authors: Mary Ellen Stoykov, Olivia M. Biller, Alexandra Wax, Erin King, Jacob M. Schauer, Louis F. Fogg and Daniel M. Corcos
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:523
  49. Treatment of acute myocardial infarction has been the subject of studies over the past years. However, the initial months after myocardial infarction are crucial from the perspective of the patient’s prognosis...

    Authors: Bartosz Krzowski, Michał Peller, Maria Boszko, Paulina Hoffman, Natalia Żurawska, Karolina Jaruga, Kamila Skoczylas, Gabriela Osak, Łukasz Kołtowski, Marcin Grabowski, Grzegorz Opolski and Paweł Balsam
    Citation: Trials 2022 23:522

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