Table 2 Design characteristics of included studies
Design characteristics | Rare (n = 13) | Non-rare (n = 61) | Total (n = 74) |
|---|---|---|---|
Intervention type, n (%) | |||
Pharmaceutical | 10 (76.9) | 36 (59.0) | 46 (62.2) |
Nutrition | 1 (7.7) | 3 (4.9) | 4 (5.4) |
Medical device | 1 (7.7) | 5 (8.2) | 6 (8.1) |
Behavioural | 0 (0.0) | 7 (11.5) | 7 (9.5) |
Surgical | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (1.4) |
Other | 1 (7.7) | 9 (14.8) | 10 (13.5) |
Comparator type, n (%)* | |||
Placebo | 10 (76.9) | 39 (63.9) | 49 (66.2) |
Active treatment | 3 (23.1) | 18 (29.5) | 21 (28.4) |
No intervention | 0 (0.0) | 10 (16.4) | 10 (13.5) |
Number of health technologies, n (%)** | |||
2 | 12 (92.2) | 49 (80.3) | 61 (82.4) |
3 | 1 (7.7) | 8 (13.1) | 9 (12.2) |
4 | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4.9) | 3 (4.1) |
5 | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (1.4) |
Number of periods, median (Q1, Q3) | 6 (4, 6) | 6 (4, 9) | 6 (4, 8) |
Period length (days), median (Q1, Q3) | 28 (11, 35) | 14 (4, 21) | 14 (5, 28) |
Blinding, n (%) | |||
Yes | 12 (92.3) | 45 (73.8) | 57 (77.0) |
No | 1 (7.7) | 16 (26.2) | 17 (23.0) |
Washout period, n (%) | |||
Yes | 8 (61.5) | 24 (39.3) | 32 (43.2) |
No | 5 (38.5) | 37 (60.7) | 42 (56.8) |
Washout length (days), median (Q1, Q3) | 7 (2, 7) | 7 (3, 14) | 7 (2, 14) |
Total study duration (days), median (Q1, Q3) | 119 (46, 203) | 77 (42, 126) | 77 (42, 168) |
Primary outcome measurement, n (%) | |||
Behavioural test | 1 (7.7) | 3 (4.9) | 4 (5.4) |
Clinical assessment | 1 (7.7) | 2 (3.3) | 3 (4.1) |
Lab parameter | 1 (7.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.4) |
Physiological parameter | 1 (7.7) | 10 (16.4) | 11 (14.9) |
Patient-reported outcome | 9 (69.2) | 40 (65.6) | 49 (66.2) |
Physical activity | 0 (0.0) | 5 (8.2) | 5 (6.8) |
Lab parameter and patient-reported outcome | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (1.4) |
Primary outcome measured multiple times per period, n (%) | |||
Yes | 6 (46.2) | 34 (55.7) | 40 (54.1) |
No | 7 (53.8) | 25 (41.0) | 32 (43.2) |
Not reported | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.3) | 2 (2.7) |