Table 1 Schematic overview of the specific outcome measures, analysis metrics, methods of aggregation and timepoints of interest for the primary outcome and secondary outcomes

Primary outcome

Bimanual performance

(Adolescent) Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA/Ad-AHA)

Change over time

Logit-based total score (0–100)

T₀, T₂

Secondary outcomes

Motor function

Bimanual performance

(Adolescent) Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA/Ad-AHA)

Change over time

Logit-based total score (0–100)

T₀, T₁

Children’s Hand-use Experience Questionnaire (CHEQ)

Logit-based total scores (0–100)

T₀, T₁, T₂

Bimanual coordination

Kinarm exoskeleton: Ball-on-bar task

Mean scores per level

Bimanual coordination

Box opening task

Mean scores over 5 trials

Unimanual function

Tyneside pegboard test (TPT)

Completion time in seconds

Goal attainment

Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS)

Classification based on criterion references into 6 categories (− 3–2)

Somatosensory function

Tactile registration

Semmes–Weinstein Monofilaments

Classification based on threshold values into 5 categories (1–5)

Tactile perception

Stereognosis assessment

Number of correctly identified objects (0–6)

Aesthesiometer

Minimal distance in mm that can be correctly discriminated 5 consecutive times (3– > 10 mm)

Tactile Discrimination Test

Area under the curve (0–100)

Proprioception

Movement sense

Classification based on performance into 3 categories (0–2)

Kinarm exoskeleton: Contralateral position matching task

Mean scores across 24 trials

Kinarm exoskeleton: Perceptual boundary task

Slope and inflection point of the psychometric curve

Kinarm exoskeleton: Indicating location task

Number of correctly identified locations (0–12)

ETH MIKE: Passive position sense task

Mean absolute error across 11 trials