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Table 1 Advantages and disadvantages of industrial funding in RCTs

From: Pragmatic randomized controlled trials: strengthening the concept through a robust international collaborative network: PRIME-9—Pragmatic Research and Innovation through Multinational Experimentation

Definition

Advantages

Disadvantages

Non-industry-funded trials are clinical studies or trials funded by sources other than the pharmaceutical, medical device, or biotechnology industries. These sources may include academic institutions, government agencies, non-profit organizations, or individual donors

Answer questions that the industry may not be willing to or is uninterested to study

Answer questions of interest to clinicians and patients

Less influence of industry on study design and conduct

Less concern for commercial interests

Potentially lower risk of publication bias

Team building across countries

Reliability of endpoints other than all-cause mortality

Limited financial resources

Limited access to specialized equipment or technologies

Smaller sample size due to limited funding

Fewer resources for marketing and disseminating results

Often does not follow the standard required by FDA/EMA

Difficulty in recruiting participants due to limited resources

Legal and ethical issues regarding data transfer across borders