- Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD), median (quartile) or n (%). There were no significant differences among the groups
- Group MD: midazolam 0.03 mg/kg for anaesthesia induction. Group NS: normal saline 0.1 ml/kg for 15 min before anaesthesia induction + 0.125 ml/kg/h continuous infusion until the end of operation. Group D0.25: dexmedetomidine 0.25 μg/kg for 15 min before anaesthesia induction + 0.5 μg/kg/h continuous infusion until the end of operation. Group D0.5: dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg for 15 min before anaesthesia induction + 0.5 μg/kg/h continuous infusion until the end of operation. Group D0.75: dexmedetomidine 0.75 μg/kg for 15 min before anaesthesia induction + 0.5 μg/kg/h continuous infusion until the end of operation
- Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists