- FFQ Food frequency questionnaire, FRs Food records, HbA1c Glycated haemoglobin, HOMA-IR Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, HOMA-β Homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function, HOMA-S Homeostasis model assessment of insulin sensitivity, HDL High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, VLDL Very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ALT Alanine aminotransferase, AST Aspartate aminotransferase, GGT Gamma-glutamyl transferase, GLP-1 Glucagon-like peptide-1, GIP Gastric inhibitory polypeptide, TMAO Trimethylamine N-oxide, IPA Indole-3- propionic acid, ImP Imidazole propionate, ClpB Caseinolytic peptidase B protein homolog, TGF Transforming growth factor, MCP Monocyte chemoattractant protein, IFN Interferon, IL Interleukin