Characteristics | CLBP group | Control group |
---|---|---|
Age (years) | X | X |
Gender (male/female) | X | X |
Pain episode duration (weeks) | X | X |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | X | X |
Education level (yes/no; school incomplete, completed secondary school, completed diploma/completed bachelors and above) | X | X |
Employment status (yes/no; employed (full or part-time), unemployed, retired) | X | X |
Marital status (yes/no; married/separated/ divorced, single) | X | X |
Personal behaviors Alcohol status (yes/no) Smoking status (yes/no) | X | X |
Comorbidities | X | X |
Fear avoidance behavior | X | X |
Perception of improvement | X | X |