Table 1 Participants’ characteristics and tests used to compare differences between the two groups
Variables | Intervention group (n = 85) | Control group (n = 83) | aP value |
|---|---|---|---|
Maternal age (year), mean (SDb) | 25.69 (5.46) | 27.10 (6.41) | 0.129 |
Education status, n (%) | 0.81 | ||
Elementary | 3 (3.53) | 2 (2.41) | |
Secondary | 10 (11.76) | 13 (15.67) | |
High School | 35 (41.18) | 30 (36.14) | |
University | 37 (43.53) | 38 (45.78) | |
Occupation status, n (%) | 1.000 | ||
Housewife | 77 (90.59) | 75 (90.36) | |
Employed | 8 (9.41) | 8 (9.64) | |
Spouses’ education status, n (%) | 0.466 | ||
Elementary | 3 (3.53) | 1 (1.21) | |
Secondary | 7 (8.24) | 8 (9.64) | |
High school | 31 (36.47) | 38 (45.78) | |
University | 44 (51.76) | 36 (43.37) | |
Spouses’ occupation status, n (%) | 0.108 | ||
Employed | 22 (25.88) | 13 (15.66) | |
Self-employed | 50 (58.83) | 59 (71.09) | |
Worker | 10 (11.76) | 11 (13.25) | |
Unemployed | 3 (3.53) | 0 (00.00) | |
Economic status, n (%) | 0.679 | ||
Less than enough | 10 (11.77) | 7 (8.43) | |
Enough | 64 (75.29) | 67 (80.72) | |
More than enough | 11 (12.94) | 9 (10.85) | |
Place of residence, n (%) | 0.84 | ||
Urban | 71 (83.52) | 68 (81.92) | |
Rural | 14 (16.48) | 15 (18.08) | |
Mode of birth, n (%) | 0.44 | ||
Vaginal | 47 (55.30) | 40 (48.19) | |
Cesarean section | 38 (44.70) | 43 (5181) | |
Gestational age at beginning of study, mean (SD) | 32.11 (1.047) | 32.06 (0.967) | 0.77 |
Gestational age at birth, mean (SD) | 38.85 (1.097) | 39.13 (1.079) | 0.091 |
Number of abortions, n (%) | 0.61 | ||
0 | 66 (77.65) | 59 (71.09) | |
1 | 15 (17.65) | 23 (27.71) | |
2 and 3 | 4 (4.70) | 1 (1.20) | |
Infant weight, mean (SD) | 3284.12 (387.929) | 3337.35 (469.941) | 0.424 |
Assumed gender of infant, n (%) | 0.541 | ||
Girl | 42 (49.41) | 37 (44.58) | |
Boy | 43 (50.59) | 46 (55.42) | |
Apgar first minute, mean (SD) | 8.95 (0.263) | 8.88 (0.787) | 0.416 |
Apgar fifth minute, mean (SD) | 10.00 (0.000) | 9.98 (0.220) | 0.313 |