Fig. 9

Extension 2 results (continuous outcome, single covariate, interaction) for the absent in one group scenario. The performance of analytic methods in terms of bias, coverage and power is displayed. Model-based standard errors are shown in black and empirical standard errors are shown in red. Estimates are shown with \(\pm 1.96 \times\) Monte Carlo standard error bars. Note that the scale of the bias is different for the four graphs, and the error bars are too small to be seen for power, due to the scale of the plots