Table 2 Modified scoring standard of PPCs
Postoperative pulmonary complication score | |
|---|---|
Grade 1 | - Dry cough. |
- Micro-atelectasis: abnormal pulmonary symptoms or signs, body temperature excluding extrapulmonary causes > 37.5 °C; radiologic examination is normal. | |
- Dyspnea, excluding extrapulmonary causes. | |
Grade 2 | - Cough, expectoration, excluding extrapulmonary causes. |
-Bronchospasm: wheeze or the original wheeze requires changes in treatment. | |
- Hypoxemia: SpO2 ≤ 90% when breathing air. | |
- Atelectasis: radiologic evidence, with a body temperature > 37.5 °C or abnormal lung symptoms or signs. | |
- Hypercapnia requiring treatment (PaCO2 > 50 mmHg). | |
Grade 3 | - Pleural effusion requiring pleural puncture for drainage. |
- Pneumonia: radiologic evidence, accompanied by clinical symptoms (two of the following symptoms: leukocytosis or leukopenia, abnormal body temperature and purulent secretion, and pathologic evidence (Gram staining or bacterial culture) or the use of antibiotics need to be changed). | |
- Pneumothorax. | |
- Patients need non-invasive mechanical ventilation in all of the following situations: (a) blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) is < 92% during oxygen inhalation; (b) during oxygen inhalation, the oxygen flow needs to be > 5 L/min; and (c) respiratory rate ≥ 30 times/min. | |
- Endotracheal intubation again after surgery, ventilator-dependent time (non-invasive or invasive mechanical ventilation) ≤ 48 h. | |
Grade 4 | - Respiratory failure: the postoperative ventilator-dependent time exceeds 48 h or the ventilator-dependent time exceeds 48 h after re-intubation. |
Grade 5 | - Death caused by respiratory system failure. |