Table 1 Study measures’ psychometrics, timeline, and analytic purpose

Demographics^a

(QUANT)

18q, 10 min

N/A

X

Baseline covariates

Healthcare System Distrust Scale [77] (QUANT)

9 q; 5 min

Values subscale= Cronbach alpha of 0.73; Competence subscale =Cronbach’s alpha of 0.77 (similar in African Americans and Whites)

X

Experience and comfort with games (QUANT)

4 q; 2 min

N/A

X

Previous exposure to ACP interventions and/or advance directives (QUANT)

6 q; 5 min

N/A

X^b

X

Baseline covariates; Possible time-dependent covariates; contamination assessment

ACP Engagement Survey [78] (4-item version) (QUANT)

4 q; 3 min

Cronbach’s alpha 0.84; average 5-point scores were higher for people who engaged in prior planning (P < 0.001); detects change in response (0.4 points) to an ACP intervention. p < 0.001)

X

X

Secondary outcome

Acceptability of Intervention (QUANT)

3 q; 2 min

N/A

X

Descriptive

Conversation Satisfaction [79, 80] (QUANT)

8 q; 5 min

Reliability coefficient range .90–.97 reliabilities, validity coefficients up to .87 via nonverbal assessment scales

X

Communication Quality Assessment [81, 82]

Data transformation (QUAL to QUANT)

Audio recordings of ACP conversations

Intraclass coefficient range.73–.89, Cronbach alpha .69 to .89

During intervention

Compare conversation quality between interventions; mediation analyses

Experience and Perceptions of Intervention; Sociocultural environment; Adverse Events (QUAL participant Interview)

30 min

Interview guide follows NIH Best Practices for Rigor, Reliability

X

Assess adverse events; explores cultural norms related healthcare/ACP; empirical phenomenological analysis

Implementation and Sustainability Outcomes (QUAL host Interview)

30 min

Interview guide follows NIH Best Practices for Rigor, Reliability

X

Provide implementation data related to inner setting and intervention characteristics; conventional content analysis

AD Completion; “Other ACP Behavior” (QUANT)

6-26 q (depending on branching); 10 min

N/A

X

Primary and secondary outcomes

Impact of Sociocultural environment on behavior; Impact of Intervention on medical decision-making (QUAL participant Interview)

30 min

Interview guide follows NIH Best Practices for Rigor, Reliability

X

Explore how sociocultural environment impacts the ACP experience; empirical, phenomenological analysis; binary and ordinal logistic regression (via data transformation)