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Table 2 Comparison of the myocardial biomarkers and postoperative recovery between groups at the baseline and end of the study1

From: Evaluation of the recovery after heart surgery following preoperative supplementation with a combination of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, l-arginine, and l-glutamine: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial

Variable2

Gln/Arg/HMB (n=30)

Placebo (n=30)

P3

P-adjusted 14

CPK (μg/L)

 Baseline

89.00 (70.25)

65.50 (117.0)

0.610*

0.563¥

 End of the study

370.40 ± 447.40

396.73 ± 176.76

0.121**

0.156**

 Changes

123.0 (295.75)

336.50 (271.75)

0.059*

0.116¥

P5

<0.001*

<0.001*

  

CPK-MB (IU/L)

 Baseline

19.45 (5.80)

18.00 (5.25)

0.858*

0.526¥

 End of the study

49.00 (39.75)

83.00 (64.55)

0.011*

0.032¥

 Changes

28.50 (42.3)

64.80 (60.32)

0.008*

0.036¥

P5

<0.001*

<0.001*

  

Troponin (ng/mL)

 Baseline

0.02 (0.03)

0.02 (0.02)

0.512*

0.575¥

 End of the study

2.13 (1.89)

4.34 (1.99)

<0.001*

<0.001¥

 Changes

2.10 (1.9)

4.32 (2.01)

<0.001*

<0.001¥

P5

<0.001*

<0.001*

  

LVEF (%)

 Baseline

55.0 (5.0)

50.0 (5.0)

0.021*

0.036¥

 End of the study

55.0 (5.0)

50.0 (6.25)

0.105*

0.088¥

 Changes

0.0 (0.0)

0.0 (0.0)

0.531*

0.313¥

P5

0.157*

0.317*

  

SOFA score

2.00 (2.00)

5.00 (2.00)

<0.001*

<0.001¥

  1. 1CPK creatine phosphokinase, CPK-MB creatine phosphokinase myocardial band, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment
  2. 2Data are presented as mean ± SD for normally distributed continuous variables or as median (IQR) for non-normally distributed continuous variables
  3. 3Calculated using the independent sample t-test (variables that entered as logarithm form are indicated by “**”) or Mann-Whitney U-test (indicated by “*”)
  4. 4Calculated using ANCOVA (variables that entered as logarithm form are indicated by “**”) or non-parametric ranked ANCOVA using generalized estimation equation (indicated by “¥”), adjusted for the effect of BMI, age, gender, and history of HTN
  5. 5Calculated using the paired t-test or Wilcoxon rank test (indicated by “*”)