Evaluation of the recovery after heart surgery following preoperative supplementation with a combination of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, l-arginine, and l-glutamine: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the participants according to the Gln/Arg/HMB or placebo groups¹

Variable	Gln/Arg/HMB (n = 30)	Placebo (n = 30)	P²
Age (years)	59.00 (29.50)	55.00 (14.50)	0.706*
Height (cm)	169.23 ± 9.69	168.47 ± 8.40	0.319
Weight (kg)	73.50 (12.50)	75.00 (12.50)	0.772*
Body mass index (kg/m²)	25.25 ± 4.34	26.30 ± 4.61	0.364
Gender
Male	21 (70.0)	15 (50.0)	0.114
Female	9 (30.0)	15 (50.0)	0.114
Hypertension history
Yes	0 (0.0)	3 (10.0)	0.236
No	30 (100.0)	27 (90.0)	0.236

¹Data are presented as mean ± SD or median (IQR) for quantitative variables and frequency (%) for qualitative variables
²Calculated using the independent sample t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test (indicated by “*”) for quantitative variables and chi-square for qualitative variables

ISSN: 1745-6215