Table 2 PRACTIS step 3: data on potential barriers and facilitators to implementation of the ComeBACK interventions collected as part of the ComeBACK process evaluation
Potential barriers and facilitators to implementation of the ComeBACK interventions | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Individual level | Potential barriers and facilitators | Data source | Collected from | Time |
Characteristics of the participants | Age, sex, ethnicity, mental health, socioeconomic status, education | Baseline demographic data and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale | All groups | Baseline |
Capability to participate in the ComeBACK interventions | Baseline level of mobility, physical activity and co-morbidities | Lower Limb Extremity Function and Disability questions; Walking capacity and use of aids, Incidental and Planned Exercise Questionnaire (IPEQ), Functional co-morbidity index | All groups | Baseline |
Baseline level of technology use | Technology exposure survey | All groups | Baseline | |
Baseline pain in lower limbs | Pain-related questions and score | All groups | Baseline | |
Falls history and balance confidence | Falls history and fear of falling | All groups | Baseline | |
Self-efficacy to participate in the programme | Impressions of the program questionnaire Q5, 8 | All groups | Gp 1 and 2—6mths Gp 3—12mths | |
Confidence in ability to be physically active | Semi-structured interviews Coaching: Int1 Q1; Int2 Q6 and 10; Int3 Q5 Texting: Int1 Q1; Int2 Q5 and 8; Int 3 Q5 | Sample from Coaching to ComeBACK and Texting to ComeBACK groups | Int1: post-randomisation, prior to commencement of the intervention Int2: 4–6mths post-randomisation | |
Problem solving skills (e.g. experiential learning) | Semi-structured interviews with participants Int1 Q5 Int2 Q11 Int3 Q3 | Sample from Coaching to ComeBACK and Texting to ComeBACK groups | Int1: prior to commencement of the intervention Int2: 4–6mths post-randomisation Int3: 9–12mths post-randomisation | |
Opportunity available to participate in the ComeBACK interventions | Suitable and affordable local opportunities to engage in physical activity (e.g. community-based programmes; home exercise programmes; website links sent regarding physical activity opportunities) | Health coach data logs | Coaching to ComeBACK | Continuous |
Impressions of the program questionnaire Q6 | All groups | Gp 1 and 2—6mths Gp 3—12mths | ||
Semi-structured interviews with participants Coaching: Int2 Q7 Texting: Int2 Q6 | Sample from Coaching to ComeBACK and Texting to ComeBACK groups | Int2: 4–6mths post-randomisation | ||
Access to resources, including technology, if desired. | Semi-structured interviews with participants Coaching: Int2 Q9 Texting: Int2 Q7 | Coaching to ComeBACK | Int2: 4–6mths post-randomisation | |
Impressions of the program questionnaire Q4 | All groups | Gp 1 and 2—6mths Gp 3—12mths | ||
Changes in the environmental context impacting on opportunities to be physically active (e.g. COVID-19; bushfires) | Semi-structured interviews with participants in response Coaching: Int1 Q8; Int2 Q1; Int3 Q1 Texting: Int1 Q9; Int2 Q1; Int3 Q1 | Sample from Coaching to ComeBACK and Texting to ComeBACK groups | Int1: post-randomisation, prior to commencement of the intervention Int2: 4–6mths post-randomisation | |
Impressions of the program questionnaire Q10 | All groups | Gp 1 and 2—6mths Gp 3—12mths | ||
Informal feedback from participants via text message reply/emails to team/written letters/health coaching logs | All groups | Continuous | ||
Motivators to engage in the ComeBACK interventions | Acceptability of the interventions | Health coach data logs | Coaching to ComeBACK | Continuous |
Uptake and usage of activity monitors as recorded by health coaches in data logs | All groups | Continuous | ||
Semi-structured interviews Coaching: Int2 Q1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9; Int3 Q6 Texting: Int2 Q1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10; Int3 Q6 | Sample from Coaching to ComeBACK and Texting to ComeBACK groups | Int2: 4–6mths post-randomisation Int3: 9–12mths post-randomisation | ||
Rating the components of the intervention via the impressions of the program questionnaire Q1, 2, 3, 4, 7 | All groups | Gp 1 and 2—6mths Gp 3—12mths | ||
ComeBACK website usage data from Google analytics (number of visits; pages visited; time spent on site) | All groups | Continuous | ||
Text message delivery data from Web-based text messaging service (alterations in frequency of delivery or opt out) | Texting to ComeBACK and Texting to ComeBACK Later | Continuous | ||
Informal feedback from participants via text msg reply/emails to team/written letters | All groups | Continuous | ||
Withdrawal reasons reported in REDCap | All groups | Continuous | ||
Enjoyment of the interventions | Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) | All groups | Baseline, 3mth, 6mth and 12mths | |
Experiences related to physical activity questionnaire | All groups | 3mth, 6mths and 12mths | ||
Impressions of the program questionnaire Q1, 2, 7, 8, 10 | All groups | Gp 1 and 2—6mths Gp 3—12mths | ||
Therapeutic alliance | Working Alliance Inventory-Short Report (participant) | All groups | Gp 1 and 2—6mths Gp 3—12mths | |
Semi-structured interviews with participants Coaching: Int2 Qs 4, 5 Texting: Int2 Qs 4, 5 | Sample from Coaching to ComeBACK and Texting to ComeBACK groups | Int2: 4–6mths post-randomisation | ||
Attitude to physical activity | Attitudes to physical activity questionnaire | All groups | Baseline, 3mths, 6mths and 12mths | |
Provider level | Potential barriers and facilitators | Data source | Collected from | Time point |
Capacity of providers to deliver the ComeBACK interventions effectively | Provider experience, training and ongoing support/mentorship necessary to deliver interventions to this population safely and effectively. | Interview with health coaches Int Q1 | Health coaches | Toward the end of the trial period |
Training log | Training log | Ongoing | ||
Minutes from meetings with investigators and other health coaches engaged for supervision | Health coaches | Continuous | ||
Feasibility of a one-off physiotherapy assessment | Semi-structured interviews with local physiotherapists Int Q4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and health coaches Int Q8, 9 | Local physiotherapists and health coaches | Toward the end of the trial period | |
Feasibility of providing physical activity advice without a physical assessment in this population | Interview with health coaches Int Q9 | Health coaches | Toward the end of the trial period | |
Therapeutic alliance | Work Alliance Inventory-Short Revised (Therapist) | All groups | Health coaches Gp 1—6mths Gp 2 and 3—after initial telephone call of tailored advice (approx. 2 weeks) | |
Interview with health coaches Int Q16 | Health coaches | Toward the end of the trial period | ||
Understanding the providers preconceived biases of the effectiveness of the interventions | Interview with health coaches Int Q4, 5 | Health coaches | Toward the end of the trial period | |
Can the interventions be delivered with fidelity? | One-off physiotherapy assessments are conducted with fidelity | Health coach data logs and Physiotherapy assessment forms | Coaching to ComeBACK | Continuous |
Fortnightly health coaching sessions (frequency, duration, behaviour change content) | Health coaching data logs Checklist sample (10%) of content | Coaching to ComeBACK | Continuous | |
One-off phone call of tailored advice (frequency duration and content) | Texting data logs Checklist sample (10%) of content | Texting to ComeBACK Texting to ComeBACK Later | Continuous | |
Text messages delivered | Online SMS delivery service log | Texting to ComeBACK Texting to ComeBACK Later | Continuous | |
Physical activity plans developed and sent to the general practitioner/local doctor | Review log of physical activity plans sent to general practitioner/local doctor | All groups | Continuous | |
Provider perceptions on how the interventions can overcome the common barriers to physical activity identified by this population | Are the providers able to work with the commonly reported barriers to physical activity in this population? | Interview with health coaches Int Q 2, 3, 16 | Health coaches | Toward the end of the trial period |
Organisational level | Potential barriers and facilitators | Data source | Collected from | Time point |
Implementation of the interventions | Ability to engage potential participants in the ComeBACK trial | Screening and recruitment databases | Trial admin | Continuous |
Advertising log | Trial admin | Continuous | ||
Staffing profile required for recruitment | Trial admin | Continuous | ||
Qualitative interviews/focus groups with other stakeholders | Staff from the allied health clinicians, health service managers, health promotion units | Throughout trial period | ||
Integration of the interventions into current healthcare practices? | Impressions of the program questionnaire Q9 | All groups | Gp 1 and 2—6mths Gp 3—12mths | |
Sustainability of the intervention | Costings of setting up and delivering the intervention | Economic analyses of the ComeBACK trial* | All study groups and processes | Throughout trial period |
Adaptations required during intervention delivery (e.g. follow up to text messages; tech support, email to participants) | Health coaching and texting data logs; reply messages received; phone calls received | All groups | Continuous | |
Staffing profile and resources necessary to set up and deliver the interventions, and any additional tasks or costs to deliver the intervention | Resources and training log | Trial admin | Continuous | |
Accessibility of required resources within existing health infrastructure | Resources utilised that have existing relationships with Health departments, e.g. SMS delivery service | Trial admin | Continuous | |
Qualitative interviews/focus groups with stakeholders | Allied health clinicians, health service managers, health promotion units, general practitioner/local doctor | Toward the end of the trial period | ||
Community/systems level | Potential barriers and facilitators | Data source | Collected from | Time point |
Dissemination of the programme | Dissemination of ComeBACK intervention by community and government | Semi-structured interviews or focus groups with staff from existing coaching infrastructure (e.g. Get Healthy NSW) and government policymakers re. implementation and scale-up of the ComeBACK interventions | Other stakeholders | Throughout trial period |
Scope of the ComeBACK interventions to fit into existing infrastructure | Comparison between existing infrastructure (e.g. Get Healthy NSW) and requirements of the ComeBACK interventions | Collated information from trial processes and stakeholder interviews | Throughout trial period | |