Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria |
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1. Age 21 to 85 years 2. Patients who require balloon angioplasty for dysfunctional arteriovenous fistula (AVF) 3. Matured AVF, defined as being in use for at least 1 month prior to angioplasty 4. Successful angioplasty of underlying stenosis, defined as less than 30% residual stenosis on digital subtraction angiography based on visual assessment of the operator, and restoration of thrill in the AVF on examination* | 1. Patient unable to provide informed consent 2. Thrombosed or partially thrombosed AVF 3. Presence of symptomatic or angiographically significant central vein stenosis who require treatment, with more than 30% residual stenosis post angioplasty 4. Patients who had underwent stent placement within the AVF circuit 5. Patient who are currently enrolled in other drug eluting balloon trials 6. Sepsis or active infection 7. Recent intracranial bleed or gastrointestinal bleed within the past 12 months 8. Allergy to iodinated contrast media, heparin, or sirolimus 9. Pregnancy |