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Table 1 Differences between BiCyCLE NMES and earlier studies by Maddocks et al.

From: BiCyCLE NMES—neuromuscular electrical stimulation in the perioperative treatment of sarcopenia and myosteatosis in advanced rectal cancer patients: design and methodology of a phase II randomised controlled trial

BiCyCLE NMES study population

Maddock’s study population

Post-operative “tumour free”

Active cancer

Confined to bed rest

Active and mobile population

Intensive inpatient support

Outpatient community care

Aiming for recovery up to or beyond baseline

Palliative and functionally declining population