Fig. 1

Trial simulation and intervention assignment, visualizing the assigned initial malaria prevalence to a distribution of households (upper left), the division of the households into clusters based on a travelling salesman algorithm together with the cluster assignment (upper right), the assigned effectiveness varying at the cluster boundaries due to the mosquito movement (lower left), and the resulting expected prevalence (lower right). The parameters used to generate this data set can be found in Table 1, with the varying parameters chosen as follows: households were assigned to 50 clusters, each consisting of 50 households. The intervention was assumed to be 40% effective and the assigned contamination range was 0.4 km