Table 3 Neuropsychological tests administered for the Brain in Motion II trial

 The Spot-the-Word Test

Silent lexical decision task; pairs of items comprising one word and one non-word are presented (5 min)

 Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)

Brief cognitive screening tool, used to stratify and characterize the participants at baseline (10 min)

 Digit

Sequence of number strings (2–8 digits in length) presented for recall in the same order or backwards (8 min)

 Sustained Attention to Responding Task (SART)

Computer-based task, withholding key presses to infrequent and unpredictable stimuli amid 225 target stimuli (8 min)

 Symbol-Digit Modalities Test (oral and written; SDMT-O/-W)

Written and oral speeded task matching digits with geometric symbols according to a legend (5 min)

 Trail Making Test – part A (TMT-A)

Timed test of visuo-motor sequencing and scanning; speed of performance linked to functional outcomes (e.g., driving ability; 3 min)

 Boston Naming Test – short version (BNT)

Naming vocabulary test; 15 pictures presented sequentially (5 min)

 Token Test for Receptive Language

Identify and manipulate 20 tokens of varying size, shape, and colour in response to given directions (7 min)

 Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT)

Twelve-word list presented for 5 trials with immediate recall, cured recall, multiple choice recognition, and delayed recall measured (14 min)

 Brief Visuospatial Memory Test – Revised (BVMT-R)

Draw and recognize geometric figures that were presented 25 min earlier (10 min)

 Verbal fluency

Generation of unique words beginning with designated letters (7 min)

 Trail Making Test – part B (TMT-B)

Timed test of visuo-motor sequencing and scanning; performance speed linked to functional outcomes (3 min)

 Judgement of Line Orientation

Matching the angle and orientation of 2 angled lines to a set of 11 lines arranged in a semi-circle (10 min)

 Card Rotations Test

Identify which of six irregularly shaped and rotated cards are the same as a target card (4 min)