Table 3 Overall fracture diagnosis group classifications

‘No’ fracture

• No fracture of the radius or ulna

‘Buckle’ fracture

• Buckle fracture of the distal third radius, with or without:

- Ulna styloid fracture

- Ulna metaphysis non-displaced/non-angulated buckle or cortical breach fracture.

• Isolated buckle fracture of the distal third ulna

‘Other’ fracture

• Cortical breach fracture of the distal third radius (including greenstick, complete or physeal), with or without any ulna fracture type

• Any isolated displaced/angulated cortical breach fracture of the ulna metaphysis

• Fractures at other locations, e.g. proximal radius, scaphoid

• Bowing fractures of the radius and/or ulna with or without any other fracture type