|
Variables
|
Dill powder (n = 21)
|
Placebo (n = 21)
|
P valuea
|
P valueb
|
P valuec
|
P valued
|
|---|
|
FBS (mg/dl)
|
|
Baseline
|
145.76 ± 50.81
|
148.61 ± 56.56
|
0.864
|
0.883
| | |
|
End
|
141.14 ± 40.37
|
154.23 ± 36.72
|
0.278
|
0.623
| | |
|
P valuee
|
0.668
|
0.671
| | | | |
|
Difference
|
−4.61 ± 48.56
|
5.61 ± 59.76
| | |
0.17
|
0.752
|
|
Insulin (μU/ml)
|
|
Baseline
|
13.27 ± 3.8
|
11.61 ± 4.91
|
0.230
|
0.474
| | |
|
End
|
10.54 ± 4.51
|
12.12 ± 4.23
|
0.250
|
0.796
| | |
|
P valuee
|
0.004*
|
0.604
| | | | |
|
Difference
|
−2.7 ± 3.83
|
0.50 ± 4.36
| | |
0.015*
|
0.05
|
|
HOMA-IR
|
|
Baseline
|
4.88 ± 2.37
|
4.37 ± 3.01
|
0.544
|
0.762
| | |
|
End
|
3.86 ± 2.32
|
4.60 ± 2.02
|
0.276
|
0.848
| | |
|
P valuee
|
0.039*
|
0.698
| | | | |
|
Difference
|
−1.02 ± 2.12
|
0.23 ± 2.68
| | |
0.101
|
0.447
|
|
TG (mg/dl)
|
|
Baseline
|
196.52 ± 60.16
|
194.66 ± 75.58
|
0.930
|
0.626
| | |
|
End
|
172.38 ± 69.86
|
190.19 ± 79.93
|
0.447
|
0.664
| | |
|
P valuee
|
0.055
|
0.811
| | | | |
|
Difference
|
−24.14 ± 54.29
|
−4.47 ± 84.69
| | |
0.376
|
0.343
|
|
TC (mg/dl)
|
|
Baseline
|
160.28 ± 38.26
|
154.42 ± 32.42
|
0.596
|
0.492
| | |
|
End
|
149.23 ± 26.7
|
156.8 ± 32.25
|
0.412
|
0.881
| | |
|
P valuee
|
0.03*
|
0.654
| | | | |
|
Difference
|
−11.04 ± 21.7
|
2.38 ± 23.95
| | |
0.064
|
0.033*
|
|
LDL-C (mg/dl)
|
|
Baseline
|
81.00 ± 34.79
|
71.71 ± 23.55
|
0.318
|
0.516
| | |
|
End
|
71.23 ± 26.63
|
74.80 ± 22.80
|
0.643
|
0.357
| | |
|
P valuee
|
0.029*
|
0.325
| | | | |
|
Difference
|
−9.76 ± 19.08
|
3.09 ± 14.07
| | |
0.017*
|
0.04*
|
|
HDL-C (mg/dl)
|
|
Baseline
|
41.85 ± 11.68
|
43.14 ± 8.05
|
0.680
|
0.939
| | |
|
End
|
44.80 ± 9.89
|
41.76 ± 6.33
|
0.243
|
0.343
| | |
|
P valuee
|
0.007*
|
0.185
| | | | |
|
Difference
|
2.59 ± 4.51
|
−1.38 ± 4.60
| | |
0.004*
|
0.04*
|
- Values are expressed as means ± standard deviation
- HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride
- *P < 0.05 considered as significant, and significant values are shown in bold type
- aBetween-group comparison of variables at baseline and after intervention from independent t test (for all variables)
- bBetween-group comparison of variables at baseline and after intervention from analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in the adjusted models (adjusted for age, duration of disease, dietary intake of energy, macronutrients, antioxidant vitamins such as vitamins A, C, and E, physical activity and body mass index)
- cBetween-group comparisons mean changes of variables from Mann–Whitney U test (for fasting blood sugar (FBS)) and independent t test (for other variables)
- dBetween group comparisons mean changes of variables from ANCOVA (adjusted for age, duration of disease, changes of body mass index, dietary intake of energy, macronutrients, vitamins A, C, and E and physical activity)
- eWithin-group comparison of variables, resulted from paired t test (for all variables)
