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Fig. 2 | Trials

Fig. 2

From: Effectiveness of music therapy for alleviating pain during haemodialysis access cannulation for patients undergoing haemodialysis: a multi-facility, single-blind, randomised controlled trial

Fig. 2

Schematic diagram of intervention efficacy. The analgesic effects of music therapy are thought to include not only the true effect of music therapy but also two placebo effects (Headphones effect and Sound effect). Thus, music therapy will be set as the intervention, and white noise will be set as the control, in order to extract the true pain-alleviating effect of music therapy

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Trials

ISSN: 1745-6215