Table 3 Study outcomes and measures
Outcome | Concept | Measures | Baseline (months 1–3) | Post intervention (months 4–6) | Follow-up (months 9–13) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Child aggression (primary outcome) | Child aggression | Aggression sub-scale of the Child Behaviour Checklist | ✓ | ✓ | |
Items on aggression from the ELDEQ Study Questionnaire | ✓ | ✓ | |||
Observation: Don’t touch’ and ‘Clean Up’ tasks | ✓ | ✓ | |||
Observation: LabTab, ‘Don’t touch’ and ‘Clean Up’ tasks | ✓ | ✓ | |||
Child language (main secondary outcome) | Expressive language | Teste de Vocabulário Expressivo | ✓ | ✓ | |
Receptive language | Teste de Vocabulário Receptivo | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Parenting (main secondary outcome) | Harsh and abusive parenting | PAFAS Questionnaire | ✓ | ✓ | |
Juvenile Victimisation Questionnaire | ✓ | ✓ | |||
Observation: Don’t touch’ and ‘Clean Up’ tasks | ✓ | ✓ | |||
Searches of child protection service records | ✓ | ||||
Parenting (secondary outcomes) | Positive parenting | PAFAS Questionnaire | ✓ | ✓ | |
Videotaped sensitivity and reciprocity during book-sharing and free-play parent-child interactions | ✓ | ✓ | |||
Parental attitudes about corporal punishment | Deater-Deckard study Questionnaire | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Stress (secondary outcomes) | Parental stress | Perceived Stress Scale | ✓ | ✓ | |
Pelotas questions on parenting stress | ✓ | ✓ | |||
Parental and child chronic stress | Cortisol from hair samples | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Child development (secondary outcomes) | Child attention | Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire | ✓ | ✓ | |
Card Sort task from the Early Years Toolbox | ✓ | ||||
Child executive functions/self-control | Go no Go task from the Early Years Toolbox | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Block Design task | ✓ | ✓ | |||
Child emotion recognition | Denham’s puppet task | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Child empathy/theory of mind/altruism | Em-Que Questionnaire | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Help task | ✓ | ✓ | |||
Dictator Game | ✓ | ||||
Triangle task | ✓ | ✓ | |||
Sally-Anne task | ✓ |