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Table 2 Study endpoints

From: Clazakizumab in late antibody-mediated rejection: study protocol of a randomized controlled pilot trial

Primary outcome

Safety and tolerability (every visit)

Secondary outcomes

Every visit

 PK/PD of clazakizumab (antibody levels, CRP suppression)

 Kidney function (eGFR)

 Urinary protein excretion (protein/creatinine ratio)

 Biopsy-proven acute rejection necessitating rejection treatment

 Graft loss, death

Day 0, week 12, and week 52

 PK of pantoprazole

 Cytokines and markers of endothelial activation/injury (serum, urine)

 Effect on leukocyte subsets in peripheral blood

 Effect on IL-6 and IL-6R gene expression in peripheral blood cells

 DSA characteristics

  DSA-MFI

  Number of DSA

  Broadness of sensitization (virtual panel-reactive antibody levels)

 Ig classes (IgG, IgA, IgM) and IgG subclasses (IgG1, 2, 3, 4)

 TTV load

Week 11 and week 51

 Protocol biopsy results

  ABMR category

  Microcirculation inflammation (glomerulitis, peritubular capillaritis)

  Transplant glomerulopathy and interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy

  Molecular ABMR score

  Archetype analysis of gene expression profiles

  1. ABMR antibody-mediated rejection, CRP C-reactive protein, DSA donor-specific antibody, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, HLA human leukocyte antigen, Ig immunoglobulin, MFI mean fluorescence intensity, PD pharmacodynamics, PK pharmacokinetics, TTV Torque Teno virus, ULN upper limit of normal