Table 1 Elegibility criteria

Inclusion criteria

Planned cardiac surgery

Age < 1 year

Eligibility for both insertion sites (jugular and femoral) for central venous catheter (CVC)

Availability of at least one of the three chosen expert operators

Exclusion criteria

Emergency surgery

Known vascular anatomic anomalies

Previous cardiac surgery in the last 6 months

No expert operator available

Intensive care unit before surgery

CVC inside at the time of randomization

Signs of sepsis

Withdraw criterion (only for the first endpoint)

Impossibility to placement catheter in the selected site.