Table 2 Behavioural support and self-management strategies [87] employed to support the lifestyle intervention in DIADEM-I
Behavioural support and self-management strategies | Examples of behavioural techniques |
|---|---|
Self monitoring | • Identifying the relationship between mood and food selection and intake this will be accomplished using a food and mood diary • Using scales to gauge hunger and satiety • Regular weight measurement • Recording of food selection and intake |
Goal setting | • SMART (Specific, Measureable, Achievable, Relevant and Time-Bound) goals will be used throughout • Individualised goals will be set by participants regarding diet and physical activity |
Stimulus control | • Identification of external and internal triggers to unhealthy eating habits • Use of distraction techniques to help subjects avoid emotional eating |
Cognitive restructuring | • Reviewing the impact of negative thoughts and beliefs and their impact on behaviour change. • Replacing negative thoughts and beliefs with positive thoughts and beliefs |
Eating behaviour | • Education about healthy eating behaviours • Choosing low energy alternatives to high energy foods • Portion control • Timing and duration of eating • Dealing with snacking |
Planning | • Planning meals and physical activity • Planning for challenging situations e.g. eating with family, eating at restaurants, and eating and activity while traveling |
Maintenance | • Maintaining successful behaviours • Dealing with lapses and avoiding relapse • Avoiding previous behaviours that resulted in weight regain |
Reward & support | • Non-food related rewards • Support from family and friends |
Problem solving | • Problem solving skills • Dealing with high risk situations that impact on eating |