Table 1 Study inclusion and exclusion criteria

• Healthy subjects of any sex, age, and ethnicity

• Nondominant proximal anterior forearm is wide enough to ensure reproducible placement of light-emitting diode-red light (LED-RL) phototherapy or mock therapy hand-held unit

• Available and willing to attend all clinic visits

• Able and willing to give informed consent

• Subjects on any photosensitizing medications (i.e. lithium, melatonin, phenothiazine antipsychotics, antibiotics)

• Subjects with light-sensitive conditions

• Subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM)

• Subjects with a history of skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), or melanoma

• Subjects with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

• Subjects with any other medical condition that could be compromised by exposure to the proposed procedure

• Subjects with open wounds on the nondominant proximal anterior forearm

• Subjects with fibrotic skin disease or other skin conditions on the nondominant proximal anterior forearm

• Subjects with tattoos that cover the procedure site on the nondominant proximal anterior forearm