Are glucose levels, glucose variability and autonomic control influenced by inspiratory muscle exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes? Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Schein, ASO; Correa, APS; Casali, Karina Rabello; Schaan, Beatriz D.

doi:10.1186/s13063-016-1156-0

Trials

Table 1 Evaluated measures

From: Are glucose levels, glucose variability and autonomic control influenced by inspiratory muscle exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes? Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Time point	Data collection	Measure	Outcomes
Pre-evaluation	Blood and urine analysis	Glycemia, HbA1c, microalbuminuria and creatinine	Metabolic responses
	Cardiovascular autonomic assessment	Ewing tests	Diagnosis of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy
	International Physical Activity Questionnaire	Survey	Physical activity estimates
	Inspiratory muscle test	maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (PImax)	Inspiratory muscle strength
	Pulmonary function test	maximum voluntary ventilation, forced vital capacity, vital capacity, forced expiratory volume (1 s), forced expiratory volume (1 s)/vital capacity and forced expiratory volume (1 s)/forced vital capacity	Pulmonary flow and volume
	Rest electrocardiogram	12-lead electrocardiogram	Electrical activity of the heart
	Cardiopulmonary exercise testing	VO_2peak, VCO_2peak, R_peak, VE_peak, VE⁄VO_2peak, VE⁄VCO_2peak	Ventilatory and metabolic variables
At rest	Continuous glucose monitoring system	Glucose concentration	Glucose levels and variability
	Biopac system	Continuous recording of blood pressure	Blood pressure and heart rate variability in time and frequency domains
Controlled ventilation	Continuous glucose monitoring system	Glucose concentration	Glucose concentration and variability
Controlled ventilation	Biopac system	Continuous recording of blood pressure	Blood pressure and heart rate variability in time and frequency domains
Inspiratory muscle exercise (2 % or 60 % of maximal inspiratory mouth pressure, PImax)	Continuous glucose monitoring system	Glucose concentration	Glucose levels and variability
	Biopac system	Continuous recording of blood pressure	Blood pressure and heart rate variability in time and frequency domains
Recuperation	Continuous glucose monitoring system	Glucose concentration	Glucose concentration and variability
Recuperation	Biopac system	Continuous recording of blood pressure	Blood pressure and heart rate variability in time and frequency domains

HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; PImax, inspiratory mouth pressure; R, respiratory exchange rate; VCO₂peak: carbon dioxide output; VE, minute ventilation; VO_2peak, peak oxygen uptake; VE⁄VO₂: ventilatory equivalent for oxygen; VE⁄VCO₂: ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide

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ISSN: 1745-6215

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