Table 1 Post-operative pancreatic fistula: an International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPF) definition [14]
Grade A | Grade B | Grade C |
|---|---|---|
Without clinical impact | Clinically relevant | Clinical stability may be borderline |
Oral nutrition | Partial/total parental/enteral nutrition | Treatment in an intensive care unit in many cases |
No antibiotics | Peripancreatic fluid collection possible | Total parental/enteral nutrition |
No somatostatin analogues | Abdominal pain, fever, and/or leukocytosis possible | Intravenous antibiotics and somatostatin analogues necessary |
No peripancreatic fluid collection | Antibiotics and somatostatin analogues may be necessary | Worrisome peripancreatic fluid collection that requires percutaneous drainage |
No delay in hospital discharge | Delay in hospital discharge or readmission may be required. | Extended hospital stay |
Often associated complications and post-operative mortality possible |