Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the children in the internal pilot study (N = 30)

Age of child (months)

23.5 (6.95)^a

Sex of child

Male

15 (50)^b

Female

15 (50)^b

zBMI of child

0.49 (0.93)^a

Birth weight (kg)

3.3 (0.43)^a

Maternal ethnicity

European

20 (74.07)^b

Non-European

7 (25.93)^b

Maternal education

University/Diploma

19 (70.37)^b

College/non-university Diploma

5 (18.52)^b

High School

2 (7.41)^b

Family income^c

Above median income

22 (81.48)^b

Below median income

5 (18.52)^b

Duration of breastfeeding (months)

14.56 (4.97)^a

Volume of cow’s milk (cups/day)

2.46 (1. 20)^b

Currently use bottle

Yes

11 (42.31)^b

No

15 (57.69)^b

Serum ferritin (μg/L)

8.90 (2.47)^a

Hemoglobin (g/L)

120.48 (9.34)^a