From: Preference-adaptive randomization in comparative effectiveness studies
 | Usual | Individual | Collaborative | Individual | Competitive | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | care | reward | reward | deposit | deposit |  |
 | n=468 | n=472 | n=442 | n=75 | n=71 |  |
Age, years | 34 (26, 47) | 33 (25, 46) | 32 (25, 45) | 41 (27, 51) | 34 (26, 43) | 0.032 |
Female sex, n (%) | 300 (64) | 301 (64) | 278 (63) | 38 (51) | 42 (59) | 0.23 |
Race, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.090 |
Caucasian | 365 (78) | 389 (82) | 328 (74) | 62 (83) | 60 (85) | Â |
African American | 43 (9) | 42 (9) | 55 (12) | 5 (7) | 4 (6) | Â |
Other | 60 (13) | 41 (9) | 59 (13) | 8 (11) | 7 (10) | Â |
Hispanic ethnicity, n (%) | 42 (9) | 30 (6) | 23 (5) | 4 (5) | 4 (6) | 0.21 |
Annual household income, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
<$20,000 | 114 (24) | 111 (24) | 117 (26) | 10 (13) | 8 (11) | Â |
$20,000 to $39,999 | 143 (31) | 154 (33) | 139 (31) | 16 (21) | 16 (23) | Â |
$40,000 to $59,999 | 89 (19) | 93 (20) | 71 (16) | 11 (15) | 13 (18) | Â |
$60,000 to $79,999 | 59 (13) | 49 (10) | 41 (9) | 13 (17) | 11 (15) | Â |
$80,000 to $99,999 | 28 (6) | 25 (5) | 34 (8) | 8 (11) | 6 (8) | Â |
≥$100,000 | 35 (7) | 40 (8) | 40 (9) | 17 (23) | 17 (24) |  |
CVS/Caremark benefits, n (%) | 188 (40) | 199 (42) | 176 (40) | 41 (55) | 37 (51) | 0.051 |
Years as a regular smoker | 15 (6, 26) | 12 (6, 25) | 13 (6, 25) | 17 (6, 30) | 15 (7, 24) | 0.49 |
Cigarettes smoked per day | 15 (10, 20) | 15 (10, 20) | 15 (9, 20) | 15 (10, 20) | 15 (10, 20) | 0.62 |