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Table 1 Acupuncture points and needling procedure for real and sham acupuncture.

From: Acupuncture for persistent allergic rhinitis: a multi-centre, randomised, controlled trial protocol

Real Point

Angle and Direction

Depth

(mm)

Sham point

LI20 (Both)

Obliquely along the nasolabial sulcus towards the root of nose with respect to the skin

20–30

Lateral 1.5 cm and Downward 1 cm to LI20.

ST2 (Both)

Transversely, upward to the centre of the pupil with respect to the skin

7–10

Lateral 1.5 cm to ST2

EX1 (unilateral)

Transversely, downward to the nose

20–30

Upward 1.5 cm, Rt. Lateral 1 cm to EX1

GV23 (unilateral)

Transversely, downward to the forehead with respect to the skin

20–30

Rt. Lateral 1 cm to GV23

LI4 (Both)

Perpendicular to the skin

20–30

Posterior to the web margin between the first and second phalanges

ST36 (Both)

Perpendicular to the skin

20–30

Medial 1.5 cm to ST36

  1. In the sham acupuncture procedure, the needle will be inserted at each sham point to a depth of 3–5 mm, perpendicular to the skin, using a needle tube with a one-time rotation