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  1. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized not only by cognitive and functional decline, but also often by the presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Apathy, which can be defined as a lack of motivation, is one...

    Authors: Roberta W. Scherer, Lea Drye, Jacobo Mintzer, Krista Lanctôt, Paul Rosenberg, Nathan Herrmann, Prasad Padala, Olga Brawman-Mintzer, William Burke, Suzanne Craft, Alan J. Lerner, Allan Levey, Anton Porsteinsson and Christopher H. van Dyck
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:46
  2. Several suction techniques have been developed recently to enhance tissue acquisition when sampling solid lesions using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). The aim of this study is t...

    Authors: Yun Wang, Qian Chen, Jinlin Wang, Xiaoli Wu, Yaqi Duan, Ping Yin, Qiaozhen Guo, Wei Hou and Bin Cheng
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:45
  3. Whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) are an enormous and costly burden to Australian society. Up to 50% of people who experience a whiplash injury will never fully recover. Whiplash is resistant to treatment an...

    Authors: J. Nikles, G. Keijzers, G. Mitchell, S. Schug, R. Ware, S. A. McLean, L. Connelly, S. Gibson, S. F. Farrell and M. Sterling
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:44
  4. Children who stutter (CWS) are at a high-risk of being teased and bullied in primary school because of negative peer attitudes and perceptions towards stuttering. There is little evidence to determine if class...

    Authors: Rizwana Mallick, Harsha Kathard, Lehana Thabane and Mershen Pillay
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:43
  5. In the original publication [1] the last sentence in the last paragraph under ‘Perspectives and implications’ in the Discussions section needs to be removed. The correct version can be found in this Erratum.

    Authors: Lee Aymar Ndounga Diakou, Francine Ntoumi, Philippe Ravaud and Isabelle Boutron
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:42

    The original article was published in Trials 2017 18:291

  6. This study aims to explore the safety, efficacy, and feasibility of Danggwijagyaksan (DJS) for alleviating climacteric syndrome in peri- and postmenopausal women with a blood-deficiency dominant pattern.

    Authors: Mikyung Kim, Ae-Ran Kim, Hyo-Ju Park, Ojin Kwon, Joo-Hee Kim, Eun-Ji Park, Seon-Eun Baek, Jeong-Eun Yoo and Jun-Hwan Lee
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:41
  7. Physical activity plays an important role in the management of chronic low back pain (LBP). Engaging in an active lifestyle is associated with a better prognosis. Nevertheless, there is evidence to suggest tha...

    Authors: Crystian B. Oliveira, Márcia R. Franco, Chris G. Maher, Anne Tiedemann, Fernanda G. Silva, Tatiana M. Damato, Michael K. Nicholas, Diego G. D. Christofaro and Rafael Z. Pinto
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:40
  8. The current state of evidence suggests that community-based exercise programs are beneficial in improving impairment, function, and health status, and are greatly needed for persons with stroke. However, limit...

    Authors: Julie Richardson, Ada Tang, Gordon Guyatt, Lehana Thabane, Feng Xie, Demetrios Sahlas, Robert Hart, Rebecca Fleck, Genevieve Hladysh and Louise Macrae
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:39
  9. Laparoscopic surgery has become the preferred surgical approach due to a reduction in postoperative pain, better recovery, shorter hospitalization, and improved esthetic outcomes. Laparoscopic surgery with sin...

    Authors: Andy Schmitt, Patrice Crochet, Karine Baumstark, Claire Tourette, Sabine Poizac, Audrey Pivano, Léon Boubli, Ludovic Cravello and Aubert Agostini
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:38
  10. Complex medication regimens are highly prevalent in residential aged care facilities (RACFs). Strategies to reduce unnecessary complexity may be valuable because complex medication regimens can be burdensome f...

    Authors: Janet K. Sluggett, Esa Y. H. Chen, Jenni Ilomäki, Megan Corlis, Sarah N. Hilmer, Jan Van Emden, Choon Ean Ooi, Kim-Huong Nguyen, Tracy Comans, Michelle Hogan, Tessa Caporale, Susan Edwards, Lyntara Quirke, Allan Patching and J. Simon Bell
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:37
  11. Chronic neck pain is a common musculoskeletal disease during the lifespan of an individual. With an increase in dependence on computer technology, the prevalence of chronic neck pain is expected to rise and th...

    Authors: Seungah Jun, Jung Hee Lee, Han Mi Gong, Yeon-Joong Chung, Ju-Ran Kim, Chung A. Park, Seong Hun Choi, Geon-Mok Lee, Hyun-Jong Lee and Jae Soo Kim
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:36
  12. Standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer includes 5–6 weeks of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) followed by total mesorectal excision 6–8 weeks later. NACRT improves local disease control and...

    Authors: Andria R. Morielli, Nawaid Usmani, Normand G. Boulé, Diane Severin, Keith Tankel, Tirath Nijjar, Kurian Joseph, Alysa Fairchild and Kerry S. Courneya
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:35
  13. The Fostering Changes programme was developed by the Adoption and Fostering National Team at the Maudsley Hospital, South London, in conjunction with King’s College London. It is a 12-week group-based training...

    Authors: Gwenllian Moody, Lucy Brookes-Howell, Rebecca Cannings-John, Sue Channon, Elinor Coulman, Mandy Lau, Alyson Rees, Jonathan Scourfield, Jeremy Segrott and Michael Robling
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:34
  14. Mortality in children remains high in sub-Saharan African hospitals. While antimalarial drugs, antibiotics and other definitive treatments are well understood, the role of emergency care with supportive therap...

    Authors: Tim Baker, Queen Dube, Josephine Langton and Helena Hildenwall
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:33
  15. Orthopedic trauma injury impacts nearly 2.8 million people each year. Despite surgical improvements and excellent survivorship rates, many patients experience poor quality of life (QOL) outcomes years later. P...

    Authors: Laura Zdziarski-Horodyski, MaryBeth Horodyski, Kalia K. Sadasivan, Jennifer Hagen, Terrie Vasilopoulos, Matthew Patrick, Robert Guenther and Heather K. Vincent
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:32
  16. School-based interventions may be effective at increasing levels of physical activity (PA) among adolescents; however, there is a paucity of evidence on whether walking can be successfully promoted to increase...

    Authors: Angela Carlin, Marie H. Murphy, Alan Nevill and Alison M. Gallagher
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:31
  17. Selective reporting of outcomes in clinical trials is a serious problem. We aimed to investigate the influence of the peer review process within biomedical journals on reporting of primary outcome(s) and stati...

    Authors: Sally Hopewell, Claudia M. Witt, Klaus Linde, Katja Icke, Olubusola Adedire, Shona Kirtley and Douglas G. Altman
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:30
  18. Routinely collected health data (RCD) are increasingly used for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This can provide three major benefits: increasing value through better feasibility (reducing costs, time, an...

    Authors: Kimberly A. Mc Cord, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman, Shaun Treweek, Heidi Gardner, Daniel Strech, William Whiteley, John P. A. Ioannidis and Lars G. Hemkens
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:29
  19. Allergic rhinitis is a common respiratory disease. Acupuncture is used to treat it in traditional Chinese medicine, and generally, the L120, ST2 and ST36 acupoints are selected in clinical practice. We report ...

    Authors: Jiaoping Mi, Xinye Chen, Xiaoyan Lin, Jianling Guo, Hongtao Chen, Liao Wei and Haiyu Hong
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:28
  20. Clinical trials conducted in Lebanon are increasing. However, little is known about the performance of research ethics committees (RECs) in charge of reviewing the research protocols. This study aimed to asses...

    Authors: David Atallah, Malak Moubarak, Nadine El Kassis and Sara Abboud
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:27
  21. Proton pump inhibitors are often used in critically ill patients to prevent gastrointestinal bleeding despite limited evidence for benefit. Patients with acute kidney injury requiring renal replacement therapy...

    Authors: Joerg C. Schefold, Anders Perner, Theis Lange, Jørn Wetterslev, Matt P. Wise, Mark Borthwick, Stepani Bendel, Frederik Keus, Anne Berit Guttormsen, Søren Marker, Mette Krag and Morten Hylander Møller
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:26
  22. There is an increasing demand by non-commercial funders that trialists should provide access to trial data once the primary analysis is completed. This has to take into account concerns about identifying indiv...

    Authors: Catriona Keerie, Christopher Tuck, Garry Milne, Sandra Eldridge, Neil Wright and Steff C. Lewis
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:25
  23. H1/IC31® is a tuberculosis (TB) subunit vaccine candidate consisting of the fusion protein of Ag85B and ESAT-6 (H1) formulated with the IC31® adjuvant. Previous trials have reported on the H1/IC31® vaccine in M. ...

    Authors: Jemal Hussein, Martha Zewdie, Lawrence Yamuah, Ahmed Bedru, Markos Abebe, Alemnew F. Dagnew, Menberework Chanyalew, Asfawesen G. Yohannes, Jemal Ahmed, Howard Engers, T. Mark Doherty, Peter Bang, Ingrid Kromann, Søren T. Hoff and Abraham Aseffa
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:24
  24. Applications of causal inference methods to randomised controlled trial (RCT) data have usually focused on adjusting for compliance with the randomised intervention rather than on using RCT data to address oth...

    Authors: Ruth E. Farmer, Daphne Kounali, A. Sarah Walker, Jelena Savović, Alison Richards, Margaret T. May and Deborah Ford
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:23
  25. Osteoradionecrosis of the mandible is the most common serious complication of radiotherapy for head and neck malignancy. For decades, hyperbaric oxygen has been employed in efforts to prevent those cases of os...

    Authors: Richard Shaw, Christopher Butterworth, Binyam Tesfaye, Matthew Bickerstaff, Susanna Dodd, Gary Smerdon, Seema Chauhan, Peter Brennan, Keith Webster, James McCaul, Peter Nixon, Anastasios Kanatas and Paul Silcocks
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:22
  26. There is currently an absence of high-grade evidence regarding the treatment of chronic sciatica (CS). Whilst gabapentin (GBP) and pregabalin (PGB) are both currently used to treat CS, equipoise exists regardi...

    Authors: Kelvin Robertson, Laurence A. G. Marshman, Maria Hennessy, Linton Harriss and David Plummer
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:21
  27. Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) is a pain condition perceived in the pelvic area for at least 6 months. While evidence of the aetiology and maintenance of CPPS is still unclear and therapy options are rare...

    Authors: Christian A. Brünahl, Susanne G. R. Klotz, Christoph Dybowski, Björn Riegel, Sonja Gregorzik, Dean A. Tripp, Gesche Ketels and Bernd Löwe
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:20
  28. Clinical pharmaceutical care has long played an important role in the improvement of healthcare safety. Pharmaceutical care is a collaborative care approach, implicating all the actors of the medication circui...

    Authors: Géraldine Leguelinel-Blache, Christel Castelli, Clarisse Roux-Marson, Sophie Bouvet, Sandrine Andrieu, Philippe Cestac, Rémy Collomp, Paul Landais, Bertrice Loulière, Christelle Mouchoux, Rémi Varin, Benoit Allenet, Pierrick Bedouch and Jean-Marie Kinowski
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:19
  29. The ‘trials within cohorts’ (TwiC) design is a pragmatic approach to randomised trials in which trial participants are randomly selected from an existing cohort. The design has multiple potential benefits, inc...

    Authors: Anna C. Bibby, David J. Torgerson, Samantha Leach, Helen Lewis-White and Nick A. Maskell
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:18
  30. Photobiomodulation using low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been tested as a new technique to optimize recovery of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The aim of this study is to evaluate inhibitory at...

    Authors: Guilherme da Cruz Ribeiro Poiani, Ana Luiza Zaninotto, Ana Maria Costa Carneiro, Renato Amaro Zangaro, Afonso Shiguemi Inoue Salgado, Rodolfo Borges Parreira, Almir Ferreira de Andrade, Manoel Jacobsen Teixeira and Wellingson Silva Paiva
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:17
  31. The psychological treatment of choice for patients with severe posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is cognitive behavioural exposure therapy or Eye Movement Desensitisation Reprocessing (EMDR). Whilst these a...

    Authors: Hans M. Nordahl, Joar Øveraas Halvorsen, Odin Hjemdal, Mimoza Rrusta Ternava and Adrian Wells
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:16

    The Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2018 19:164

  32. The UK Clinical Research Collaboration (UKCRC) registered Clinical Trials Units (CTUs) Network aims to support high-quality, efficient and sustainable clinical trials research in the UK. To better understand t...

    Authors: Lelia Duley, Alexa Gillman, Marian Duggan, Stephanie Belson, Jill Knox, Alison McDonald, Charlotte Rawcliffe, Joanne Simon, Tim Sprosen, Jude Watson and Wendy Wood
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:15
  33. Many randomised controlled trials (RCTs) fail to meet their recruitment goals in time. Trialists are advised to include study recruitment strategies within their trials.

    Authors: Erik Lundström, Eva Isaksson, Per Wester, Ann-Charlotte Laska and Per Näsman
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:14
  34. Total hip arthroplasty is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide. There are a number of surgical approaches for total hip arthroplasty and no high-level evidence supporting one approa...

    Authors: Adrian J. Talia, Cassandra Coetzee, Oren Tirosh and Phong Tran
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:13
  35. Despite the success of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) therapy in reducing atherosclerotic cardiovascular events, a residual risk for cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) r...

    Authors: Kazuhiro Nakao, Teruo Noguchi, Yasuhide Asaumi, Yoshiaki Morita, Tomoaki Kanaya, Masashi Fujino, Hayato Hosoda, Shuichi Yoneda, Shoji Kawakami, Toshiyuki Nagai, Kensaku Nishihira, Takahiro Nakashima, Reon Kumasaka, Tetsuo Arakawa, Fumiyuki Otsuka, Michio Nakanishi…
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:12
  36. Musculoskeletal pain is a common reason for emergency department (ED) visits. Following discharge from the ED, patients, particularly older patients, often have difficulty controlling their pain and managing a...

    Authors: Timothy F. Platts-Mills, Allison G. Hollowell, Gary F. Burke, Sheryl Zimmerman, Joseph A. Dayaa, Benjamin R. Quigley, Montika Bush, Morris Weinberger and Mark A. Weaver
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:10
  37. Complex interventions encompassing several interconnecting and interacting components can be challenging to evaluate. Examining the underlying trial processes while an intervention is being tested can assist i...

    Authors: Patricia Healy, Valerie Smith, Gerard Savage, Mike Clarke, Declan Devane, Mechthild M. Gross, Sandra Morano, Deirdre Daly, Susanne Grylka-Baeschlin, Jane Nicoletti, Marlene Sinclair, Rebekah Maguire, Margaret Carroll and Cecily Begley
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:9
  38. Postoperative pain is a major complaint following abdominal surgery for gynecological diseases. Effective postoperative pain control after abdominal surgery is particularly important for patient recovery, mobi...

    Authors: Wing Lok Lam, Wing Fai Yeung, Mei Kuen Wong, Chi Wai Cheung, Karen Kar Loen Chan, Hextan Yuen Sheung Ngan, Carlos King Ho Wong, Hai Yong Chen and Lixing Lao
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:8
  39. Recovery of voluntary movement is a main rehabilitation goal. Efforts to identify effective upper limb (UL) interventions after stroke have been unsatisfactory. This study includes personalized impairment-base...

    Authors: Mindy F. Levin, Melanie C. Baniña, Silvi Frenkel-Toledo, Sigal Berman, Nachum Soroker, John M. Solomon and Dario G. Liebermann
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:7
  40. Sarcopenia (the age-related loss of muscle mass and function) is a major contributor to loss of mobility, falls, loss of independence, morbidity and mortality in older people. Although resistance training is e...

    Authors: Margaret M. Band, Deepa Sumukadas, Allan D. Struthers, Alison Avenell, Peter T. Donnan, Paul R. Kemp, Karen T. Smith, Cheryl L. Hume, Adrian Hapca and Miles D. Witham
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:6
  41. Patients with difficult-to-control asthma consume 50–60% of healthcare costs attributed to asthma and cost approximately five-times more than patients with mild stable disease. Recent evidence demonstrates tha...

    Authors: Catherine E. Hanratty, John G. Matthews, Joseph R. Arron, David F. Choy, Ian D. Pavord, P. Bradding, Christopher E. Brightling, Rekha Chaudhuri, Douglas C. Cowan, Ratko Djukanovic, Nicola Gallagher, Stephen J. Fowler, Tim C. Hardman, Tim Harrison, Cécile T. Holweg, Peter H. Howarth…
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:5
  42. The first months after birth can be challenging for parents, leading to parental distress and decreased well-being. Parents with high levels of distress are found to respond less adequately and sensitively to ...

    Authors: Marjolein Missler, Roseriet Beijers, Jaap Denissen and Annemieke van Straten
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:4
  43. Over the last decade, health care delivery has shifted to partnering with patients and their families to improve health and quality of care, and to lower costs. Partnering with family members (FMs) of critical...

    Authors: Daren K. Heyland, Judy Davidson, Yoanna Skrobik, Amanda Roze des Ordons, Lauren J. Van Scoy, Andrew G. Day, Virginia Vandall-Walker and Andrea P. Marshall
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:3
  44. Impairment of exercise capacity remains a common adverse effect of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) survivors after surgery. Previous research has suggested that Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) offers an exercise capaci...

    Authors: Hong Pan, Yingxia Pei, Bingxue Li, Yi Wang, Jie Liu and Hongsheng Lin
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:2
  45. Data from observational studies suggest that minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy (MIPD) is superior to open pancreatoduodenectomy regarding intraoperative blood loss, postoperative morbidity, and length o...

    Authors: Thijs de Rooij, Jony van Hilst, Koop Bosscha, Marcel G. Dijkgraaf, Michael F. Gerhards, Bas Groot Koerkamp, Jeroen Hagendoorn, Ignace H. de Hingh, Tom M. Karsten, Daan J. Lips, Misha D. Luyer, I. Quintus Molenaar, Hjalmar C. van Santvoort, T. C. Khé Tran, Olivier R. Busch, Sebastiaan Festen…
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:1
  46. Intrathecally administered morphine is effective as part of a postoperative analgesia regimen following major hepatopancreaticobiliary surgery. However, the potential for postoperative respiratory depression a...

    Authors: David Cosgrave, Marie Galligan, Era Soukhin, Victoria McMullan, Siobhan McGuinness, Anand Puttappa, Niamh Conlon, John Boylan, Rabia Hussain, Peter Doran and Alistair Nichol
    Citation: Trials 2017 18:633
  47. Fimasartan is the ninth angiotensin receptor blocker to be developed. However, it has not yet been evaluated for reno-protective effects in hypertensive diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD). The target blood ...

    Authors: Jang-Young Kim, Jung-Woo Son, Sungha Park, Tea-Hyun Yoo, Yong-Jin Kim, Dong-Ryeol Ryu and Ho Jun Chin
    Citation: Trials 2017 18:632
  48. Diabetic distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, and it has become a major public health problem worldwide because of its high and inc...

    Authors: De Jin, Wen-jing Huang, Xiang Meng, Fan Yang, Yu-jiao Zheng, Qi Bao, Mei-zhen Zhang, Ya-nan Yang, Qing Ni, Feng-mei Lian and Xiao-lin Tong
    Citation: Trials 2017 18:631
  49. Atraumatic lower limb amputation is a life-changing event for approximately 185,000 persons in the United States each year. A unilateral amputation is associated with rapid changes to the musculoskeletal syste...

    Authors: Joseph G. Wasser, Daniel C. Herman, MaryBeth Horodyski, Jason L. Zaremski, Brady Tripp, Phillip Page, Kevin R. Vincent and Heather K. Vincent
    Citation: Trials 2017 18:630

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