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  1. Post-stroke physical inactivity is explained by several factors related to the stroke, which have been suggested as the causes and consequences of functional declines and health problems. Therefore, it is impo...

    Authors: Larissa Tavares Aguiar, Sylvie Nadeau, Raquel Rodrigues Britto, Luci Fuscaldi Teixeira-Salmela, Júlia Caetano Martins and Christina Danielli Coelho de Morais Faria
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:446
  2. Current evidence suggests that good quality sleep is associated with preserved cognitive function and reduced dementia risk in older adults. Sleep complaints are especially common among older adults with mild ...

    Authors: Ryan S. Falck, Jennifer C. Davis, John R. Best, Linda C. Li, Patrick C. Y. Chan, Anne B. Wyrough, Glenn J. Landry and Teresa Liu-Ambrose
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:445
  3. Anxiety and depression are common among patients attending cardiac rehabilitation services. Currently available pharmacological and psychological interventions have limited effectiveness in this population. Th...

    Authors: Adrian Wells, Kirsten McNicol, David Reeves, Peter Salmon, Linda Davies, Anthony Heagerty, Patrick Doherty, Rebecca McPhillips, Rebecca Anderson, Cintia Faija, Lora Capobianco, Helen Morley, Hannah Gaffney, Calvin Heal, Gemma Shields and Peter Fisher
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:444
  4. Current treatments for alcohol use disorders have limited efficacy and there is a high degree of variability in treatment response. In a randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial, there was a large effect ...

    Authors: Kirsten C. Morley, Henry R. Kranzler, Natasha Luquin, Andrew Baillie, Marian Shanahan, Ronald Trent, Maree Teesson and Paul S. Haber
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:443
  5. Partial factorial trials compare two or more pairs of treatments on overlapping patient groups, randomising some (but not all) patients to more than one comparison. The aims of this research were to compare di...

    Authors: Helen A. Dakin, Alastair M. Gray, Graeme S. MacLennan, Richard W. Morris and David W. Murray
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:442
  6. Radical inguinal lymphadenectomy (ILND) for metastatic melanoma is associated with a high complication rate. Seroma is often the first postoperative complication, followed by prolonged wound healing sometimes ...

    Authors: Mads Gustaf Jørgensen, Navid Mohamadpour Toyserkani, Nana Hyldig, Annette Hougaard Chakera, Lisbet Rosenkrantz Hölmich, Jørn Bo Thomsen and Jens Ahm Sørensen
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:441

    The Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2018 19:570

  7. Institutional review boards must guarantee the ethical acceptability of a randomized controlled trial before it is conducted. However, some may regard an unbalanced randomization ratio as reflecting an absence...

    Authors: Clarisse Dibao-Dina, Agnès Caille and Bruno Giraudeau
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:440
  8. In hospital settings, delirium affects as many as 50% of older patients, aggravating their symptoms and worsening their condition, and therefore increasing the risk of in-hospital complications and death. The ...

    Authors: Karolina Piotrowicz, Krzysztof Rewiuk, Stanisław Górski, Weronika Kałwak, Barbara Wizner, Agnieszka Pac, Michał Nowakowski and Tomasz Grodzicki
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:439
  9. The care needs of patients with a limited prognosis (<12 months median) are complex and dynamic. Patients and caregivers must cope with many challenges, including physical symptoms and disabilities, uncertaint...

    Authors: Anja Siegle, Matthias Villalobos, Jasmin Bossert, Katja Krug, Laura Hagelskamp, Johannes Krisam, Violet Handtke, Nicole Deis, Jana Jünger, Michel Wensing and Michael Thomas
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:438
  10. One out of five patients is unsatisfied to some extent after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Unmet expectations are the main driver of post-operative dissatisfaction. Improved pre-operative education on realist...

    Authors: Jaap J. Tolk, Rob P. A. Janssen, Tsjitske M. Haanstra, Sita M. A. Bierma-Zeinstra and Max Reijman
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:437
  11. Bipolar disorder is a chronic and disabling psychiatric condition, characterised by recurrent episodes of mania, hypomania and depression. It places a heavy burden on sufferers and families, with high societal...

    Authors: Emma O’Donoghue, Abigail Clark, Matthew Richardson, John Hodsoll, Sunil Nandha, Eric Morris, Fergus Kane, Deirdre O’Keeffe, Lucy Butler and Suzanne Jolley
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:436
  12. An adolescent's school is often the second most important place for his development and education after the home. However, reports highlight the recurrence of the use of violent discipline in schools. There ar...

    Authors: Joseph Ssenyonga, Katharin Hermenau, Mabula Nkuba and Tobias Hecker
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:435
  13. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are amongst the most prescribed antidepressants for adolescents with depressive symptoms and major depressive disorder. However, SSRIs have significant shortcomi...

    Authors: Richard M. Stewart, Sean D. Hood, Pradeep Rao, Julia K. Moore, Kevin C. Runions, Susannah E. Murphy, Janice W. Y. Wong and Florian D. Zepf
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:434
  14. Although radical gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection has become the standard surgical approach for locally advanced gastric cancer, patients still have a poor prognosis after operation. Previously, we pr...

    Authors: Jie Shen, Beibei Cao, Yatao Wang, Aitang Xiao, Jichao Qin, Jianhong Wu, Qun Yan, Yuanlong Hu, Chuanyong Yang, Zhixin Cao, Junbo Hu, Ping Yin, Daxing Xie and Jianping Gong
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:432
  15. Heart failure (HF) is an important public health problem, considered a new epidemic with high morbidity and mortality. The progression of HF often determines weight reduction, muscle mass loss, and reduced phy...

    Authors: Elisa Maia dos Santos, Roger de Moraes, Eduardo Vera Tibiriça, Grazielle Vilas Bôas Huguenin, Annie Seixas Belo Moreira and Andrea Rocha De Lorenzo
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:431
  16. In the original publication [1] the abbreviation for Core outcome sets (COS) was pluralized unnecessarily throughout the next.

    Authors: Alice M. Biggane, Lucy Brading, Philippe Ravaud, Bridget Young and Paula R. Williamson
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:430

    The original article was published in Trials 2018 19:113

  17. The proportion of patients with controlled hypertension (< 140/90 mmHg) is very low in India. Thus, there is a need to improve blood pressure management among patients with uncontrolled hypertension through in...

    Authors: Nikhil Srinivasapura Venkateshmurthy, Vamadevan S Ajay, Sailesh Mohan, Devraj Jindal, Shuchi Anand, Dimple Kondal, Nikhil Tandon, Malipeddi Bhaskara Rao and Dorairaj Prabhakaran
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:429
  18. Thermal ablation techniques have become the first-line treatment of truncal veins in the management of chronic venous disease (CVD). Despite excellent outcomes, these methods are often associated with pain; ge...

    Authors: Amjad Belramman, Roshan Bootun, Tjun Yip Tang, Tristan R. A. Lane and Alun H. Davies
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:428
  19. Type 2 diabetes is characterised by abnormal glucose metabolism, and treatment is aimed at normalising glycaemia. Outcomes measured in clinical trials should be meaningful to patients, health care professional...

    Authors: Nicola L. Harman, John Wilding, Dave Curry, James Harris, Jennifer Logue, R. John Pemberton, Leigh Perreault, Gareth Thompson, Sean Tunis and Paula R. Williamson
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:427
  20. The stellate ganglion block (SGB) can lead to vasodilation of the head and neck. However, controversy remains concerning the changes in extracerebral blood flow. The objective of this study is to assess the ef...

    Authors: Shaofeng Pu, Jie Chen, Xing Gu, Yongming Xu, Junzhen Wu, Yingying Lv and Dongping Du
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:426
  21. Osteoarthritis often results in prolonged periods of reduced physical activity and is associated with adverse health outcomes, including increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Exercise interv...

    Authors: Jane O’Brien, Kyra Hamilton, Andrew Williams, James Fell, Jonathan Mulford, Michael Cheney, Sam Wu and Marie-Louise Bird
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:425
  22. Core-specific sensorimotor exercises are proven to enhance neuromuscular activity of the trunk, improve athletic performance and prevent back pain. However, the dose-response relationship and, therefore, the d...

    Authors: Juliane Mueller, Josefine Stoll, Steffen Mueller and Frank Mayer
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:424
  23. Children in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) comprise half of the total regional population, yet existing mental health services are severely under-equipped to meet their needs. Although effective interventions for th...

    Authors: Fred M. Ssewamala, Ozge Sensoy Bahar, Mary M. McKay, Kimberly Hoagwood, Keng-Yen Huang and Beverly Pringle
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:423
  24. Palliative care is specialized medical care for people with serious illness that is focused on providing relief from symptoms and stress and improving the quality of life (QOL) for patients and their families....

    Authors: Rachel Wells, Macy L. Stockdill, J. Nicholas Dionne-Odom, Deborah Ejem, Kathryn L. Burgio, Raegan W. Durant, Sally Engler, Andres Azuero, Salpy V. Pamboukian, Jose Tallaj, Keith M. Swetz, Elizabeth Kvale, Rodney O. Tucker and Marie Bakitas
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:422
  25. The Healthy Hands Project (HHP) is a randomised clinical trial aiming to determine the effectiveness of an intervention program in the prevention of hand dermatitis in healthcare workers (HCWs). The interventi...

    Authors: Maryam Soltanipoor, Sanja Kezic, Judith Sluiter and Rebecca Holman
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:421

    The Study protocol to this article has been published in Trials 2017 18:92

  26. Maintaining quality of care in family planning (FP) counselling in low-resource settings is challenging. Job aids can help providers give more accurate and client-specific advice but require a provider to use ...

    Authors: Laura A. Bates, Joseph P. Hicks, John Walley and Emily Robinson
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:420

    The Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2018 19:556

  27. The ELCID (Early Lung Cancer Investigation and Diagnosis) trial was a feasibility randomised controlled trial examining the effect on lung cancer diagnosis of lowering the threshold for referral for urgent che...

    Authors: Hayley C. Prout, Allan Barham, Emily Bongard, Rhiannon Tudor-Edwards, Gareth Griffiths, Willie Hamilton, Emily Harrop, Kerry Hood, Chris N. Hurt, Rosie Nelson, Catherine Porter, Kirsty Roberts, Trevor Rogers, Emma Thomas-Jones, Angela Tod, Seow Tien Yeo…
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:419
  28. Mental illness is a major public health concern. Despite progress understanding which treatments work, a significant treatment gap remains. An ongoing concern is treatment length. Modular, flexible, transdiagn...

    Authors: Laura K. Murray, Emily E. Haroz, Benjamin Doty, Namrita S. Singh, Sergey Bogdanov, Judith Bass, Shannon Dorsey and Paul Bolton
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:418
  29. Young men in South Africa face concurrent epidemics of HIV, drug and alcohol abuse, and unemployment. Standard HIV prevention programs, located in healthcare settings and/or using counseling models, fail to en...

    Authors: Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus, Mark Tomlinson, Andile Mayekiso, Jason Bantjes, Danielle M. Harris, Jacqueline Stewart and Robert E. Weiss
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:417
  30. Cisplatin-based chemoradiation is the standard of care for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. Nevertheless, an increasing number of radio-resistant tumors still recur.

    Authors: Shengjun Ji, Qunchao Hu, Jiahao Zhu, Jie Chen, Qingqing Chen, Zhengcao Liu, Chen Shen, Ru Yang, Haoyao Sun, Jinchang Wu and Ke Gu
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:416
  31. Up to 95% of people entering treatment for use of alcohol or other drugs (AOD) smoke tobacco. Smokers receiving treatment for AOD use are interested in quitting and make quit attempts, but relapse is more comm...

    Authors: Ashleigh Guillaumier, Victoria Manning, Olivia Wynne, Coral Gartner, Ron Borland, Amanda L. Baker, Catherine J. Segan, Eliza Skelton, Lyndell Moore, Ramez Bathish, Dan I. Lubman and Billie Bonevski
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:415
  32. Although major depression is a frequent disorder in non-professional caregivers and there are effective psychological interventions to prevent it, caregivers have difficulty accessing them. Interventions for d...

    Authors: Fernando L. Vázquez, Ángela Torres, Olga Díaz, Mario Páramo, Patricia Otero, Vanessa Blanco and Lara López
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:414
  33. While it is has been proven that tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces blood loss in primary total hip and knee arthroplasty (THA and TKA), there is little published evidence on the use of TXA beyond 3 h post-operativ...

    Authors: Janet Hill, Paul Magill, Alastair Dorman, Rosemary Hogg, Andrew Eggleton, Gary Benson, Margaret McFarland, Lynn Murphy, Evie Gardner, Leeann Bryce, Una Martin, Catherine Adams, Jennifer Bell, Christina Campbell, Ashley Agus, Glenn Phair…
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:413
  34. Solar Disinfection (SODIS) of water is an economical, user-friendly, and environmentally safe household water treatment method that has been advocated as a means of decreasing the burden of diarrhea among chil...

    Authors: Bikes Destaw Bitew, Yigzaw Kebede Gete, Gashaw Andargie Biks and Takele Tadesse Adafrie
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:412
  35. The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is persistently high throughout the world. Work-related factors such as high physical workload (lifting, bending and twisting of the back) are considered to be amon...

    Authors: Charlotte Diana Nørregaard Rasmussen, Peter Rasmus Hendriksen, Malene Jagd Svendsen, Dorte Ekner, Klaus Hansen, Ole Henning Sørensen, Susanne Wulff Svendsen, Allard J. van der Beek and Andreas Holtermann
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:411
  36. Cluster randomised trials (CRTs) are a key instrument to evaluate public health interventions. Fidelity assessment examines study processes to gauge whether an intervention was delivered as initially planned. ...

    Authors: Myriam Cielo Pérez, Nanor Minoyan, Valéry Ridde, Marie-Pierre Sylvestre and Mira Johri
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:410
  37. Laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) has several benefits as a treatment of gastric cancer (GC), including reduced pain, early recovery of intestinal function, and shorter hospital stay. LG still has several drawback...

    Authors: Toshiyasu Ojima, Masaki Nakamura, Mikihito Nakamori, Keiji Hayata, Masahiro Katsuda, Junya Kitadani, Shimpei Maruoka, Toshio Shimokawa and Hiroki Yamaue
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:409
  38. Adalimumab, a biological treatment targeting tumour necrosis factor α, might be useful in sciatica. This paper describes the challenges faced when developing a new treatment pathway for a randomised controlled...

    Authors: Nefyn H. Williams, Alison Jenkins, Nia Goulden, Zoe Hoare, Dyfrig A. Hughes, Eifiona Wood, Nadine E. Foster, David Walsh, Dawn Carnes, Valerie Sparkes, Elaine M. Hay, John Isaacs, Kika Konstantinou, Dylan Morrissey, Jaro Karppinen, Stephane Genevay…
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:408
  39. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are used to evaluate social and psychological interventions and inform policy decisions about them. Accurate, complete, and transparent reports of social and psychological i...

    Authors: Paul Montgomery, Sean Grant, Evan Mayo-Wilson, Geraldine Macdonald, Susan Michie, Sally Hopewell and David Moher
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:407
  40. The CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) Statement was developed to help biomedical researchers report randomised controlled trials (RCTs) transparently. We have developed an extension to the C...

    Authors: Sean Grant, Evan Mayo-Wilson, Paul Montgomery, Geraldine Macdonald, Susan Michie, Sally Hopewell and David Moher
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:406
  41. Current therapies for heart failure (HF) are followed by strategies to improve quality of life and exercise tolerance, besides reducing morbidity and mortality. Some HF patients present changes in the musculos...

    Authors: Carla Pinheiro Lopes, Luiz Claudio Danzmann, Ruy Silveira Moraes, Paulo José Cardoso Vieira, Francisco França Meurer, Douglas Santos Soares, Gaspar Chiappa, Luciano Santos Pinto Guimarâes, Santiago Alonso Tobar Leitão, Jorge Pinto Ribeiro and Andreia Biolo
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:405
  42. The “Age of Blood in Children in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit” (ABC PICU) study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) that aims to determine if red blood cell (RBC) unit storage age affects outcomes in criti...

    Authors: Marisa Tucci, Jacques Lacroix, Dean Fergusson, Allan Doctor, Paul Hébert, Robert A. Berg, Jaime Caro, Cassandra D. Josephson, Stéphane Leteurtre, Kusum Menon, Kenneth Schechtman, Marie E. Steiner, Alexis F. Turgeon, Lucy Clayton, Tina Bockelmann and Philip C. Spinella
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:404
  43. According to the traditional Chinese medicine theory, moxa floss is the best material for moxibustion; the effect of moxibustion is closely related to the habitats of moxa floss, among which Qichun County, Hub...

    Authors: Huanfang Xu, Hong Zhao, Liping Kang, Shixi Huang, Yin Shi, Wei Su, Mingjuan Han, Wenyan Wang, Chunyan Wang, Yuan Zhang and Lanping Guo
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:403
  44. The incidence of obesity is increasing worldwide. In selected individuals, bariatric surgery may offer a means of achieving long-term weight loss, improved health, and healthcare cost reduction. Physiological ...

    Authors: Rachel Fulton, Jonathan E. Millar, Megan Merza, Helen Johnston, Amanda Corley, Daniel Faulke, Ivan Rapchuk, Joe Tarpey, Philip Lockie, Shirley Lockie and John F. Fraser
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:402
  45. UK deaths due to chronic liver diseases such as cirrhosis have quadrupled over the last 40 years, making this condition now the third most common cause of premature death. Most patients with advanced cirrhosis...

    Authors: Lucia Macken, Louise Mason, Catherine Evans, Heather Gage, Jake Jordan, Mark Austin, Nick Parnell, Max Cooper, Shani Steer, Justine Boles, Stephen Bremner, Debbie Lambert, David Crook, Gemma Earl, Jean Timeyin and Sumita Verma
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:401

    The Correction to this article has been published in Trials 2018 19:488

  46. A secure attachment with one or more caregivers is one of the most important predictors of cognitive development and emotional wellbeing. Persons with intellectual disabilities (ID) have extra need for secure ...

    Authors: Evelien van Wingerden, Paula S. Sterkenburg and Mirjam Wouda
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:400
  47. Low back pain (LBP) is the most common musculoskeletal disorder and a leading cause of disability worldwide. It impacts daily life and work capacity and is the most common reason for consulting a general pract...

    Authors: Allan Riis, Jan Hartvigsen, Michael Skovdal Rathleff, Tamana Afzali and Martin Bach Jensen
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:399
  48. Treatment for drug-sensitive tuberculosis (TB) is taken for at least 6 months and problems with adherence are common. Therefore, there is substantial interest in the possible use of eHealth interventions to su...

    Authors: James J. Lewis, Xiaoqiu Liu, Zhiying Zhang, Bruce V. Thomas, Anna Vassall, Sedona Sweeney, Xu Caihong, Hu Dongmei, Li Xue, Gao Yongxin, Shitong Huan, Jiang Shiwen and Katherine L. Fielding
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:398
  49. Australia and New Zealand have the highest incidence rates of colorectal cancer worldwide. In Australia there is significant unwarranted variation in colorectal cancer screening due to low uptake of the immuno...

    Authors: Jennifer G. Walker, Finlay Macrae, Ingrid Winship, Jasmeen Oberoi, Sibel Saya, Shakira Milton, Adrian Bickerstaffe, James G. Dowty, Richard De Abreu Lourenço, Malcolm Clark, Louise Galloway, George Fishman, Fiona M. Walter, Louisa Flander, Patty Chondros, Driss Ait Ouakrim…
    Citation: Trials 2018 19:397

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