Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria

GP practices

• At least one JPCA-Certified Family Physician willing to participate in the study

Individual participants

• Adult aged between 20 and 69 years

• Diagnosed as T2DM with HbA1c ≥ 7.0% at the last routine clinical check

• Capable to fill in questionnaires in Japanese

• Written informed consent

• Insulin users

• Co-morbidities or disorders less compatible with behavioural management at the time of the study (e.g. cancer, substance abuse, significant mental health disorders)

• Learning or communication difficulties