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Table 2 Interpretation of type I and type II errors

From: Interpreting a Bayesian phase II futility clinical trial

 

Should not reject \(H_0\)

Should reject \(H_0\)

Fail to reject \(H_0\)

No error

Type II error—we are unable to rule out the futility of a treatment for which futility should be declared.

Reject \(H_0\)

Type 1 error—we label a treatment as futile relative to control which should not be labeled as futile.

No error