Zoledronic Acid for prevention of bone and muscle loss after BAriatric Surgery (ZABAS)-a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Table 1 Primary and secondary endpoints

	Measurement	Site	Time (months)
Primary endpoints
vBMD	QCT	Lumbar spine (L1–L2)	12
Secondary Endpoints
vBMD	QCT	Lumbar spine (L1–L2)	24
vBMD	QCT	Proximal femur	12 and 24
aBMD	DXA	Hip Lumbar spine	12 and 24
Lean and fat mass	DXA	Whole body	12 and 24
Bone microarchitecture	HR-pQCT	Distal radius Distal tibia	12 and 24
Cortical bone strength	Microindentation	Mid tibia	12 and 24
Biochemical markers of bone remodeling	CTX1 P1NP	Blood	12 and 24
Muscle strength	Dynamometer	Handgrip Knee extension/flexion Foot dorsi/plantar flexion Shoulder elevation	12 and 24
Physical function	SPPB T25FWT 2MWT Stair climb		12 and 24
Physical activity	IPAQ		12 and 24

Time is measured in months; QCT Quantitative computed tomography, DXA Whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, HR-pQCT High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography, CTX-1 Carboxy-terminal type-1 collagen, P1NP Procollagen type-1 amino-terminal propeptide, SPPB Short Physical Performance Battery, T25FWT Timed 25-ft walk test, 2MWT 2-min walk test, IPAQ The International Physical Activity Questionnaire

ISSN: 1745-6215