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Table 1 Clinical risk factors according to the revised cardiac risk index (Circulation, Lee 1999) [11]

From: PRE-OPerative ECHOcardiograhy for prevention of cardiovascular events after non-cardiac surgery in intermediate- and high-risk patients: protocol for a low-interventional, mixed-cohort prospective study design (PREOP-ECHO)

• Ischemic heart disease (angina pectoris and/or previous myocardial infarctiona)

• Heart failure

• Stroke or transient ischemic attack

• Renal dysfunction (serum creatinine >170 umol/L or 2 mg/dL or a creatinine clearance of <60 mL/min/1.73m2)

• Diabetes mellitus requiring insulin therapy

  1. aAccording to the universal definition of myocardial infarction