Table 1 Composition of five genotypes of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes and the health risks (supervised by National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical Center. Partial excerpt) [1]
Aldehyde dehydrogenase | Alcohol dehydrogenase | Type classification of this research | Comments on constitution and health risks |
|---|---|---|---|
ALDH2 *1/ *1 (activity) | ADH1B *1/ *1 (low activity) | A (3%) | The highest risk of alcohol addiction |
ADH1B *1/ *2 (activity) | B (50%) | Decomposition of alcohol and acetaldehyde is fast. Be careful not to drink too much for your health. | |
ADH1B *2/ *2 (high activity) | |||
ALDH2 *1/ *2 (low activity) | ADH1B *1/ *1 | C (3%) | The decomposition of alcohol and acetaldehyde is slow, and the cancer risk is high, owing to acetaldehyde. |
ADH1B *1/ *2 | D (40%) | Face turns reddish immediately. Nausea and other discomfort can occur. Symptoms and health problems are likely to occur. | |
ADH1B *2/ *2 | |||
ALDH2 *2/ *2 (Inactive) | ADH1B *1/ *1 | E (4%) | Drinking is intolerable because aldehyde cannot be decomposed. Very small amounts of alcohol are prone to unpleasant symptoms such as hot flushes, drowsiness, palpitation, and nausea. Even a small amount of alcohol is at risk of acute alcohol intoxication. |
ADH1B *1/*2 | |||
ADH1B *2/ *2 |