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Table 3 Inclusion and exclusion criteria for study B

From: EvaLuation of early CRRT and beta-blocker InTervention in patients with ECMO (ELITE) trial: study protocol for a 2 × 2 partial factorial randomized controlled trial

Inclusion criteria

 Patients receiving VA-ECMO for any reason

 Dopamine/dobutamine < 5 μg/kg/min, no administration of adrenaline or norepinephrine

 Within 7 days after initiation of VA-ECMO

Exclusion criteria

 Age < 18 years

 Receiving ECMO bridging to heart transplantation

 Contraindications or intolerance to beta-blockers

  Moderate or severe bronchial asthma attack or history of bronchial asthma

  Sinus bradycardia (heart rate < 60 bpm)

  Type II second-degree or third-degree AVB

  Allergy to esmolol

 Receiving ECMO again during hospitalization or respiratory failure has already initiated VV-ECMO or extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal device before the initiation of VA-ECMO of this time

 Have been on beta-blocker treatment after initiation of ECMO

 Women at child-bearing age, pregnant or positive pregnancy test

  1. ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, AVB atrioventricular block, VA-ECMO veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, VV-ECMO veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
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ISSN: 1745-6215