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Table 5 Operationalization of secondary outcome variables

From: Fostering shared decision-making about prostate cancer screening among African American men patients and their primary care providers: a randomized behavioral clinical trial

Measuresa

Operationalization of variables

Patient Quality of Engagement in Decision Making (PQED)

 Prostate Cancer and Screening Knowledge [13]

20 questions (true/false)

• Rating: 1 point for each correct answer

• Total score ranges from 0 to 20

• Higher values mean higher knowledge of prostate cancer and screening

 Decisional Confidence [14]

10 questions (yes/no)

• Rating: 4 points for each “YES,” 0 points for each “NO,” 2 points for each “NOT SURE”

• Total score ranges from 0 to 40

• Higher values mean higher confidence in the decision made

 Decisional Self-efficacy questionnaire [15]

4 questions (Likert scale)

• Rating: 1 to 5

• Total score ranges from 4 to 20

• Original scale scores were reversed.

• Higher values mean higher patient decisional efficacy in the communication with the PCP

 Satisfaction with Decision [16]

6 questions (Likert scale)

• Rating: 1 to 5

• Total score ranges from 6 to 30

• Higher values mean higher satisfaction with the decision made

Preference-Congruent Decision Making (PCDM)

 Intention-to-screen [17]

1 question (yes/no)

• Rating: 0 (no intention to screen) or 1 (intention to screen)

 Actual PSA-screening tests

1 question (yes/no)

• Rating: 1 (patient has had at least one PSA-test) or 0 (patient has NOT had PSA-tests) from medical encounter (visit #2) to follow-up (visit #3)

 Congruence

1 question (positive/negative)

Ratings:

PCDM = 1 (POSITIVE: congruence between patient intention and real action) for:

 • Patients with intention-to-screen score = 1 (intention = yes) and PSA-screening score = 1 (PSA = yes)

 • Patients with intention-to-screen score = 0 (intention = no) and PSA-screening score = 0 (PSA = no)

PCDM = 0 (NEGATIVE: in-congruence between intention and real action) for:

 • Patients with intention-to-screen score = 1 (intention = yes) and PSA-screening score=0 (PSA = no)

 • Patients with intention-to-screen score= 0 (intention = no) and PSA-screening score = 1 (PSA = yes)

  1. aMeasures used in this study have been adapted from the ones found in the literature