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Table 5 Distribution of life quality scores of the patients in Intervention 1 and Intervention 2 groups at the first and last follow-up

From: The effects of breathing exercises and inhaler training in patients with COPD on the severity of dyspnea and life quality: a randomized controlled trial

SGRQ sub-dimensions and total score

Groups

Test statistic

p**

Intervention 1 (n=32)

\(\overline{x}\pm sem\)

Intervention 2 (n=35)

\(\overline{x}\pm sem\)

Effect

First follow-up

51.89±3.27

50.04±3.1

F=0.158

p=0.693

Second follow-up

29.47±3.67

33.5±3.5

F=0.606

p=0.440

Test statistic

p**

F=87.035

p<0.001

F=51.889

p<0.001

 

*Group × time effect: F=2.989; p*=0.090; group effect: F=0.057; p=0.812; time effect: F=8.876; p=0.004

Symptom

First follow-up

65.23±2.87

63.25±2.74

F=0.232

p=0.632

Second follow-up

60.45±2.91

60.14±2.77

F=0.006

p=0.937

Test statistic

p**

F=38.552

p<0.001

F=18.209

p<0.001

 

*Group × time effect: F=2.261; p=0.139; group effect: F=0.079; p=0.779; time effect: F=6.114; p=0.017

Activity

First follow-up

72.57±2.97

70.53±2.84

F=0.233

p=0.631

Second follow-up

56.69±3.32

56.39±3.17

F=0.004

p=0.949

Test statistic

p**

F=40.701

p<0.001

F=35.496

p<0.001

 

*Group × time effect: F=0.241; p=0.626; group effect: F=0.081; p=0.777; time effect: F=17.919; p <0.001

Total

First follow-up

60.37±2.71

58.44±2.59

F=0.249

p=0.620

Second follow-up

42.87±3.01

44.88±2.87

F=0.220

p=0.641

Test statistic

p**

F=83.798

p<0.001

F=55.362

p<0.001

 

*Group × time effect: F=2.093; p=0.154; group effect: F=0.001; p=0.991; time effect: F=14.257; p <0.001

  1. F, two-way repeated measures Anova
  2. *Group × time effect, the comparison value between groups of the first and last follow-up differences of each group
  3. **Adjusted for age, gender, educational status, marital status, time of diagnosis, smoking status, alcohol drinking status, hospitalization status (last 1 year), duration of hospital stay, and training status for inhaler utilization